Lesson Twelve

Pre-class Work

Read the text a third time. Learn the new words and expressions listed below.

Glossary

altitude
n. the height of a place above sea level

anticipate
v. to expect that sth. will happen and be ready for it

artery
n. a tube that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body 动脉

ashen
adj. pale grey like ash

brace
n. sth. used for supporting

cleanse
v. to get rid of any dirt from your wound

clench
v. to hold (fists, teeth, etc.) together tightly

cliff
n. a high steep face of a rock esp. near the sea 峭壁

Colorado
n. 科罗拉多州（U.S.）

cross-legged
adj. having one leg placed over the other

cuff
n. 这里指可充气扎紧在手上或脚上的包扎带

detailed
adj. with a lot of information given 详细的

discipline
v. to teach sb. to obey rules and control their own behaviour

disciplined
adj. behaving in a controlled way according to strict rules

distract
v. to make it impossible for sb. to continue what they are doing by making them look at or listen to sth. else

ease
v. to move sb. slowly, carefully and gently (to a place)

emergency
n. an unexpected and dangerous situation that must be dealt with immediately; ～ room: 急诊室

endurance
n. the power of bearing pain, suffering, etc. with strength and patience

exhaustion
n. the state of being tired out

frame
n. 框架

granite
n. a hard grey rock used in building 花岗岩

gruesome
adj. very unpleasant and shocking, and usually connected with death or injury

guarantee
n. a formal and firm promise that sth. will happen or will be done 保证

handhold
n. a thing or place which a climber can hold on to with his hand

I.V.
n. abbr. for intra-venous injection 静脉注射

inestimable
adj. too great, precious, etc. to be estimated

initial
adj. of or at the beginning

jerk
v. to cause sb. to move with a sudden action

jut (out)
v. to stand (out) from sth.

millimeter
n. 毫米

nausea
n. a feeling of sickness in the stomach 恶心

notorious
adj. widely and unfavorably known for some bad quality

protrude
v. to stick out or jut out from a surface

reparable
adj. able to be mended 可修补的

rescue
n. the act of saving sb. from danger

resemble
v. to be or look like

salesman
n. a man whose job is to persuade people to buy his company's goods

scramble
v. to climb up or over sth. with difficulty, using your hands to help you

sensation
n. feeling

sever
v. to cut through sth., separating it into two parts

slope
n. 山坡；斜坡

stabilize
v. to make sth. steady

staff
n. a group of people who do sth. for an organization

stagger
v. to move unsteadily, almost falling over