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1. The celebrations at her coronation were carefully designed to show off the young queen as the paragon of virtue.
【结构剖析】这是一个简单句，使用了被动语态。
【要点解析】at her coronation是介词短语做定语，修饰前面的名词celebrations。
“Celebrations”使用复数是表示“为庆祝某人而组织筹划的特殊的事情”。
To show off the young queen as the paragon of virtue是动词不定式做目的状语。其中的as the paragon of virtue是介词短语做状语。
“Carefully”是副词放于系动词之后，实意动词之前。
2. This charade of piety, though, was hardly enough to compensate for the misfortune of having another woman on the throne.
【结构剖析】这是一个简单句。
【要点解析】“though”是“然而”的意思，是副词，表示转折。
"Be not enough to do something"的意思是“不足以做某事”或者是“不能够做某事”。再如：
Having a bottle of soft drink is not enough to quench my thirst. 喝一瓶汽水不够解渴。
All her wiles were not enough to persuade them to sell the property. 她花言巧语也未能打动他们卖掉物业。
"To compensate for the misfortune of having another woman on the throne"是动词不定式做目的状语。
其中的having another woman on the throne是动名词做定语，修饰misfortune，意思是让另一个女人执政中的厄运。Have在这里是使役动词，意思是“让，给”。
3. All the same, the skeptics must have been reassured by Elizabeth's precocious self-possession, the air of controlled energy she exuded in public right from the start.
【结构剖析】这个句子是一个简单句。
【要点解析】all the same是副词性短语，在句中做状语。
句中的谓语结构是“must have been reassured”，可以看出使用了虚拟语气。这是情态动词must的虚拟语气的用法，它表示对过去事情的肯定猜测。
句子用了被动语态，by后面是连个并列名词性短语，一个是：Elizabeth's precocious self-possession，另一个是：the air of controlled energy she exuded in public right from the start。
在第二个短语中的定语使用了过去分词作前置定语和一个限定性定语从句做定语。过去分词是controlled，它与被修饰词energy是被动关系，所以用过去分词。
“she exuded in public right from the start”这个定语从句同样修饰energy，energy是先行词。
此外，定语从句中的“in public”是介词短语做地点状语，“from the start”是介词短语做时间状语，“right”是副词，对from the start起到强调的作用。
4. You might suppose that her first appearances at the council would have been an ordeal, but what the councilors saw was not some girlish ingenue, but someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority.
【结构剖析】这是一个由并列连词连接的2个分句，一个是：You might suppose that her first appearances at the council would have been an ordeal，另一个是：what the councilors saw was not some girlish ingenue, but someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority。
【要点解析】第一个分句中是含有宾语从句的复合句。主句中有suppose表示“猜测”的这个动词，那么宾语从句中使用了虚拟语气，谓语结构为：would have been，这个结构是表示推测。因为主句中使用一般过去时（might），那么从句中就要使用过去完成时(would have done)。
此外，at the council是介词短语做状语。
第二个分句中是名词性短句做主语（what the councilor saw）。谓语中使用了both....and这个短语连接了2个表语，第一个是：some girlish ingenue，some在这里的意思是“某个”。
第二个是：someone who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority。这个名词短语中中含有一个定语从句who seemed full, it was said, of manly authority修饰先行词someone。先行词是不定代词，它指人，在定语从句中做主语，只能选择that这个关系代词，不能省略。
It was said是“据说”的意思，在这里做插入语，seem做系动词，full of manly authority做表语。从口语角度或写作的角度它都可视为套用句型。
