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Nobody likes being lonely.
没人喜欢孤独。
As it turns out, loneliness can be unhealthy as well.
事实证明,孤独对身体健康也能造成危害。
The study was done by psychologist John Cacioppo at the University of Chicago.
这项研究是由芝加哥大学心理学家约翰·卡奇普完成。
He had thirty three male college students and twenty one female students spend five nights in a lab where their sleep could be carefully monitored.
33名男大学生及21名女大学生被测试者在一个实验室中度过5晚,而这些人的睡眠则被仔细监控。
That was done by having them catch Z's while wearing a special skull-cap that had devices for measuring eye motions, head motions, and brain waves.
这是通过熟睡时戴着一顶测量眼球动作,头部动作及脑电波的特殊帽子完成的结果。
Why? Because different kinds of waves are generated by your brain as you sleep, and the motions of your body-especially your eyes-give information about how your sleep is going.
为什么?因为大脑在你熟睡时会产生不同类型的波,而身体的运动,特别是你的眼睛,展现出你的睡眠如何的信息。
Afterward, the students filled out a questionnaire describing themselves.
测试之后，学生们填了一份描述自己的调查问卷。
In particular Cacioppo wanted to know what their social lives were like, to see if there was any connection between your social life and how well you sleep.
卡奇普想了解他们的社会生活状况,来看看社会生活与睡眠之间是否有什么联系。
There was indeed a connection.
确实是有联系。
Everyone slept for about the same amount of time, but the volunteers who rated themselves as the loneliest were also the ones who were most likely to wake up during the night.
每个人都睡了大约相同时间,但认为自己最孤独的志愿者同样也最有可能在夜晚醒来。
Not only that, they stayed down in deep sleep less than other people did.
不仅如此,他们的深度睡眠少于其他人。
What do these findings mean?
这些发现意味着什么?
The researchers themselves note that it isn't clear yet which is the cart and which is the horse.
研究者们自己注意到并不清楚本末。
That is, does being lonely interfere with a healthful night's sleep?
也就是说,孤独是否会影响健康的夜间睡眠?
Or, on the other hand, do people who sleep poorly for one reason or another wind up irritable and difficult to deal with, making it harder to have friends?
抑或是另一方面, 因为这样或那样原因人的睡眠很糟糕最终易怒,难以相处,最终交友困难?
One way or the other, lonely feels bad-and sleep shows it, too.
不管怎样,孤独的滋味不咋样,就连睡眠也表明了这点。
