评论
打印
Conceived as the Temple of the Virgin Athena, it was for centuries the Christian Cathedral of the Virgin Mary, and it later became a mosque.
继作为雅典娜处女神的神庙之后，它在好几个世纪内是天主教圣母马利亚的教堂，其后义成为清真寺。
By the end of the eighteenth century, it was a neglected ruin in a diminished Athens ruled by the Turks.
18世纪末， 它成为土耳其治下孱弱的雅典城的一堆废墟。
But in the 1820s and 30s, the Greeks fought for, and won, independence, and they were given a German king by their European allies.
在十九世纪的三十年代，希腊人贏得独立，他们的欧洲同盟给他们安排了一位德国统冶者。
The new state needed to define what kind of society it wanted to be.
新国家需要找到自己的社会定位。
Here's Olga Palagia again:"Greece was resurrected in about 1830.
奥尔加帕拉吉亚说道：希腊在十九世纪三十年代获得了新生。
We had a German king who came to Greece from Bavaria, and the Germans decided they were going to resurrect the Athens of Pericles.
当时的国王是来自巴伐利亚的德国人。德国人决定重建伯里克利的雅典。
This initiated, I think, the perennial identification of the new Greek nation with the Parthenon.
在我看来，这一决定开启了新的希腊王国对帕台农的长久认同。
So, we have been restoring it from 1834, and I'm sure that this will never end!
我们从一八三四年开始重建帕台农，我相信这一工作永远不会结束！
It will be a constant attempt to restore and redefine the Parthenon as a symbol.
我们将不断恢复、重新定义作为希腊象征的帕台农。
So the seed the Germans sowed in 1834 has really become very big and important."
德国人在一八三四年播下了十分珍贵的种子。
And so this great building had, by the 1830s, acquired yet another meaning.
因此，在十九世纪三十年代，这座伟大的建筑获得了崭新的含义。
Not as the self-image of one ancient city, but as the emblem of a new modern country.
它不只是一个古老城市的自我认知，也是新的现代国家的象征。
And it was an emblem familiar to all educated Europeans,through the sculptures in the British Museum.
通过自一八一七年便陈列在大英博物馆的帕台农雕像，这一象征更是为欧洲所 有受过教育的人所熟知。
One of the most striking things about recent European history is how countries wanting to define and strengthen their present identity look to particular moments in the past.
近代欧洲史的一个关键点是，许多国家都希望通过历史上的某一特定时期，定义并加强现代的国家认同。
In the last hundred years or so, more and more people in Ireland, Scotland and Wales have wanted to see themselves as the heirs of a people that flourished in northern Europe at the same time as the Athenians were building the Parthenon.
在最近约一百年的时间里，越来越多的爱尔兰、苏格兰及威尔士人，都想把自己视为一个曾活跃在北欧的民族的后代。这一民族的兴盛期与雅典人修建帕台农神庙的时期大致相同。
And it's those other Europeans of two and a half thousand years ago-Europeans dismissed by the Greeks as barbarians-that I'm going to be talking about in the next programme.
这群两千五西年前的欧洲人，被希腊人视为野蛮人而遭驱逐的欧洲人，将是我们下一节的焦点。
