but what he wrote down was more factual, historical, military,
但是他写下的是更多的事实,历史,军事
and Chretien was the first one
而克雷蒂安是第一个
who really what we think of as Knightly adventures
写下我们现在认为的骑士冒险
And then we'll go to read Gottfried von Strassburg's Tristan
然后我们会读到戈特弗里德的
You might be familiar with that from Vaughner
或许你从里知道了它
and we even have the term,
我们甚至还有术语
that kind of swoon you see so much on soap operas
对于那种你们在肥皂剧中经常看到的昏倒
is referred to in theater is the Zolder swoon
在剧院里叫做"佐德尔昏晕"
because she swoons and dies because she's so sad
因为她昏过去了然后死了,嗯 因为她太伤心了
And so some of this material and this is,
所以这些材料里
we have 3 kinds of knights we talk about
我们要讨论三种骑士
We're gonna have kind of the standard knight
我们有标准的骑士
what you think of as far as corely tradition,
他们像古老的传统一样遥远
and then we're gonna have a knight who is educated
然后我们有一个受过教育的骑士
and we're gonna talk about some of these quite quickly,
我们将会快速地讨论一下这些
a knight who's educated
一个受过教育的骑士
and so not only does he do all that Knightly stuff
他不仅做一些骑士做的事
but like and speak foreign languages
还会说外语
They can play instruments, they can tell stories,
他可以玩乐器,讲故事
and then the final type of knight kind of the peak of knightdom
那么最后一种骑士,可以说是骑士团里最高级的骑士
if you will I'll just put down Grail for lack of something else
我现在先只写下圣杯
for the moment, but the idea of seeking something
但是还有一种追求比自我更高的东西
higher than yourself
的信念
So fulfillment is not here in this world just to be the perfect knight And we see
所以这个世界上的成功不仅仅是成为最完美的骑士
knightly stuff all the time
但是我们却不停地看到骑士风格的事件
I've made the poor choice of recently renting too many videos
我最近做了一件错事,租了太多录像带
I end up watching Judge Dredge Dredd
最后我看了
I'm not a big Stalone fan anyway
但是我可不是一个史泰龙粉丝
But just watching that, that's all knightly stuff again
但是那部片子完全是骑士风格
Where are the guys walking around in armor
那些人居然穿着盔甲走来走去
On one of these tapes we have, I think it's Le Morte d'Arthur
我租的一部录像带,好像是
which is available in the Springfield library
在春田图书馆可以借到
They talked to people about making of Star Wars
他们跟人们讨论星球大战
and how they went back
以及他们怎样回归
and patterned all the stuff on knightly armor,
在骑士盔甲上印上各种图案
and so there's there's tied in all this material
这些材料都是相互关联的
So anyway, those are the 3 things we'll read
总之,这些是我们要读的三样东西
Purpose the literature chevreaux which originated in 12th century France
目的文献chevreaux起源于12世纪的法国
quickly spread into Germany
并很快传到了德国
The ideals the ideals and goals depicted in the works
这一时期的作品中描绘的理想和目标
of this period set the behavioural ideals
奠定了欧洲中期的行为目标
of the European Middle Ages and still influence
并且仍然在影响着
our social standards today
我们现在的社会标准
One of the things that we see, we hear a lot
一件我们经常看到,听到的事
is about the demise of morals, the demise of standards
是关于道德的消亡,准则的消亡
and part of that like this dress standards and everything else
其中有一部分是关于着装的准则,也有其他各种方面
and that we're now in a counter swing back to more formality
我们现在迫切地要回到更正式的准则
I was reading about how casual Friday
我最近读到关于便装星期五
had become so institutionalized that dress in the workplace
已经变得如此制度化,以至于在工作场合的穿着
has become really bad so the big new craze
已经变得非常糟,所以新的狂热是
is formal Thursdays where they're trying
正装星期四,他们试着这样去
to get people to learn how to dress
教会人们如何着装