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So in many ways sleep is the primary activity in the developing brain
所以从很多方面来说 睡眠是大脑发育的主要活动
Also it's important to recognize
同时 我们还需要认识到
that across species is important during early development
睡眠对很多物种的早期发育都至关重要
Sleep is more important in early development
睡眠对各种动物的早期发育起着非常重要的作用
whether you are talking about puppies, kittens
无论是小狗 还是小猫
baby monkeys, human infants or drosophila
或者小猴子 人类的小婴儿 甚至是果蝇
Periods of brain development and early development
大脑的发育以及早期的生理发育
are associated with greater need for sleep
都急切地需要睡眠
that's not just rest actually operationalize as sleep
不是休息 不能把休息视作睡眠
and I'm gonna get to the differences in a moment
我一会儿会对两者的差别进行区分
Finally, one more the framing issue
在我再次开始讲解青春期相关的问题之前
before I dive into the adolescents story again
我还要提一个宏观性的问题
is this idea that sleep is intertwined
也就是睡眠和很多调节系统
with multiple regulatory systems
有着千丝万缕的联系
particularly from the developmental perspective
特别是从发育的角度来看更是如此
It's not just going to sleep
不光是睡觉
it's sleep-arousal regulation
而是和睡眠-苏醒的调节系统
and that's intertwined with sleep and temperature regulation
和睡眠-体温调节系统
sleep and metabolic regulation
睡眠-代谢调节系统
sleep and circadian regulation
睡眠-生理规律调节系统
and sleep and emotion regulation
以及睡眠-情感调节系统有着密切的关系
The earlier you go into development
进入发育阶段的时间越早
the more intertwined these systems are
这些系统之间联系得越密切
including the social contexts
包括作为这些系统存在基础的社会背景
that set the stage for these
其影响也更大
But I want to highlight one other issue
但我想强调
about the framework for thinking about sleep
睡眠的框架性问题
Again, I'm just gonna do this conceptual
我还是从概念
almost metaphorical level for a moment
或者比喻的角度来讲这个问题
And I'll come back later to
讲完之后
how this maybe operationalize empirical studies
再讲如何将概念性研究应用到实证研究中
It's part of what I think governs the mystery of sleep that
我想讲的是控制睡眠的机制
you know, sleep is ubiquitous across species
大家知道 所有物种都要睡觉
is necessary for life
睡眠是生命的必要组成部分
Animals can't even survive without sleep
动物如果不睡觉就无法生存
and yet the actual function and purpose of sleep is still relatively unknown
但是人们对睡眠真正的功能和目的 了解得并不够
In order to really zoom in on that
为了更清晰的看清楚这个问题
it's important to highlight the difference between sleep and rest
有必要对睡眠和休息进行区分
because rest is not sleep
因为休息不是睡眠
and it's interesting to think about what the difference is
思考两者之间的区别很有意思
