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You should be asking yourself about the questions
这些提出来的问题
that were asked
你都应该自己问一下自己
The values of these populations studies
针对不同人群做的这些研究非常有价值
you have great power, you have great generalized ability
因为你能够归纳出一些结论
but the measures are often not good
但研究的方法通常不是那么好
I mean it surprises most people to know
令很多人感到吃惊的是
we have no national representative data on sleep
我们没有一个关于睡眠的全国性数据
using any validated or standard sleep measure
没有有效的标准化的睡眠测量方法
even subjective or retrospective
甚至连主观或追溯性的方法都没有
At least I know of
至少我知道的情况是这样的
So we are using survey items
所以我们采用的是调查研究方法
So on one hand, they had a sort of questions
一方面 研究者提出各种问题
How much...how long does it take you to fall asleep?
例如 你需要多长时间才能入睡?
A very non-judgmental question
这是一个非判断性的问题
There's no right or wrong answer
没有正确答案
Then we dichotomize it by 30 minutes
然后我们以30分钟为依据对样本进行划分
This is usually the cut-off for insomnia
30分是判断失眠与否的分界线
We found that relative to white
我们发现相对于白人而言
if you were black African American
如果你是非洲裔美国人
that's the blue bar
也就是这里的蓝色柱状图
or Hispanic Latino, that's the green bar
或者西班牙裔/拉丁裔 用绿色显示
you are more likely to have a longer sleep latency
那么你入睡需要的时间就越长
but if we then asked
但如果我们问
well, that's not "if"
也不是"如果"
when the CDC also asked
当CDC问道
"how often do you have difficulty in falling asleep?"
你多长时间会感觉难以入睡?
Here we ask you for complaint
这里需要你进行自述
So when you ask the question that way
所以如果这样提问
the black African American and the Mexican American
非洲裔美国人和墨西哥裔美国人
and other Hispanic Latino group
以及其他拉丁裔美国人
were less likely than white to endorse the problem
相比于白人 显得更难以回答这个问题
So which is it?
是什么原因呢?
Are they more likely to have trouble falling asleep?
是因为他们更容易出现入睡困难吗?
Or they are less likely?
还是不容易出现入睡困难?
I think, you know, there are a lot we don't know here
所以 有很多我们仍然未知的情况
Sleep duration
睡眠时间
