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There is the notion
有一种认识
that obesity experts do think that energy expenditure is important
即肥胖症专家的确认为能量消耗很重要
and reductions in physical activity
体力活动的减少
probably do explain the epidemic in obesity
也许能够解释肥胖症流行的原因
There has been much of a decrease
(体力活动)确实减少了
It doesn't seem the amount of time
人们花在有计划的锻炼上的时间
we spend doing planned exercise
并没有减少多少
but there does seem to be definitely an increase in recent decades
但近几十年来
in amount of time we spend sitting at our desks
我们坐在办公桌前的时间确实增加了
on our computers and so on
使用电脑的时间增加了
and there has been an idea
有一种观点认为
that a lot of obesity epidemic can be explained
很多肥胖症之所以出现
by changes in a labor-saving technology now available
是因为技术的进步节省了劳动力
We get cars
我们有了汽车
I don't know whether this is more in South Carolina
我不太清楚南卡罗莱纳州的情况是不是更严重
where obesity rates are higher than just about anywhere in the country
那里的肥胖率是不是全美最高的
and where traffic is not really an issue
那里的交通很发达
People drive their cars everywhere
人们去哪里都开车
We even have drive-thru drycleaners there
甚至还有汽车洗衣店
I don't know if they have this here in California
我不知道加州有没有
but it's amazing, you know
但这种情况非常惊人
they just drive everywhere
人们到哪里都开车
I really notice a difference there
我确实注意到了那里的不同之处
I came to the campus here at Berkley
我来到伯克利校园之后
and there's really a difference in levels of physical activity
发现这里的体力活动程度真的较高
That's another issue
还有一个问题
So this isthese are data from Chaput and colleagues
这是肖普特和他的同事得出的研究数据
It's been shown many times
结论反复证明
that there is a U shape association between sleep duration
睡眠长短和死亡 以及其他所有负面结果之间
and mortality and a lot of other bad things
都存在一个U型的联系
including diabetes and obesity
特别是和糖尿病以及肥胖症之间
These are perspective data from a 6-year perspective study
这是一个为期6年的前瞻性研究数据
We compare 7 to 8-hour sleepers.
我们将7小时睡眠者与8小时睡眠者进行了对比
Those who slept longer or shorter
睡眠时间过长或过短的人
have significantly increased risk of having
他们腰围长度
an increase in waist circumference
增加的可能性非常大
Body weight was not shown here
这里没有显示体重
and increases in percent body fat
他们体内的脂肪含量也会相应提高
