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The recipient of this year's Nobel Prize for Literature was announced today.
今天，诺贝尔文学家得主揭晓。
He is Wole Soyinka, a fifty-two-year-old Nigerian playwright and an author.
获奖者是渥雷·索因卡，今年52岁的他是一名剧作家和作家。
Soyinka's best known work in this country is probably Ake, his childhood memoir.
索因卡在国内最闻名的当属《阿凯的童年》。
Soyinka is the first African and the first black to win the distinguished prize for literature.
索因卡是获此殊荣的第一位非洲人，也是第一位黑人。
And he was in Paris today when he heard the news. Melodie Walker reports.
今天他听闻消息后赶赴了巴黎。下面请听沃克发回的报道。
Wole Soyinka is in Paris to attend a meeting of International Theatre Institute,
渥雷·索因卡今天现身巴黎，在联合国教科文组织总部的
a non-governmental organization at UNESCO headquarters.
非政府机构国际戏剧协会参会。
Appearing somewhat annoyed by the crowd of reporters who cornered him in a lounge at UNESCO,
他神情看起来颇有愠色，因为一大群记者将他在联合国教科文组织的休息室里团团围住。
the Nigerian writer confessed that he wasn't really prepared for the onslaught of instant Nobel prize fame.
这位尼日利亚作家坦言，自己并未做好准备面对与诺奖随之而来的这般猛烈攻击。
I am not really enjoying it, honestly. It's ... I had no psychological preparation. You know, I'm just into it like that, you know.
说实话，我并不享受这种感觉。怎么说呢，我没做好心理准备。你们懂的，我只是很喜欢文学而已。
If I'd had some notice and I'd been able to, you know, prepare myself,
如果我之前曾留心过此事，并能做一定的准备的话就好了，
you know, like an athlete going into combat, into competition perhaps, but this was rather sudden.
就像运动员在比赛前会做准备那样。但这一切太突然了。
You know, really, really sudden, totally unexpected.
真的非常突然，完全意想不到。
Soyinka says he accepted the news of the Nobel Prize for Literature with the deep sense of honor, but not for himself alone.
索因卡表示，自己获此殊荣，深感荣耀，但这份荣耀并不只属于自己。
He says the award goes beyond his individual work and honors all African writers.
他说，这个奖超越了他个人的作品，是给所有非洲作家的荣耀。
I don't believe in literally prizes. And therefore when I view the literary prize,
我并不看重奖项本身。因此，在获得文学奖时，
I tend to see the prize in a much larger context than the individual writer, because how do you judge works of literature?
我倾向于将奖项放在更大环境下去看，而不拘泥于作家本人，这是由我们判定文学作品的方式决定的。
How do you compare works of literature from different cultures? It's an almost impossible task.
我们会怎样将不同文化的文学作品做比较呢？这是不可能的。
So certain contradictions must go into the choice of somebody to receive an award of this kind.
因为有了特定的矛盾，所以要从某个文化中选出一人来代表这种文化。
And that, those contradictions must go outside of the person himself. It has to do with the context.
这种矛盾必须要放眼到个人之外去看，这与大环境有关。
Without any compromise in literary qualities, I do not believe that I'm considered a bad writer; that's why I've been given this prize.
由于文学的特质是不会有丝毫中和的，所以我认为在大家眼中我只是个不那么差的作家而已；所以我才获此殊荣。
No, don't misunderstand me. But I'm saying that it's more than
不过，请大家不要误解我的意思。我是想说，获此殊荣的人并不只是
just being an acceptable writer who gives some kind of literary pleasure to discerning, sophisticated people.
一个尚可被读者接受的作家，也不只要能创作出文学作品来讨有判断能力和经验的读者欢心。
It goes beyond that. It has to do with the significance of this occasional symbolic event.
并不只是这样就够了，还与标志性事件的重要性有关。
And it is very much a symbolic event. It's for all the African writers,
必须是标志性的事件。这是对所有非洲作家而言的标志性事件，
for even the third would, for even the universal literature,
对不是非洲人也称得上是标志性事件，甚至对整个文学界具有标志意义的事件。
because it opens the universe to the literature not merely of the recipient of the prize,
因为这样的作品可以将整个世界在文学中得以体现，这并不只是获奖者的世界，
but of the society from which his literature comes.
也是其作品所来源社会的展现。
It opens, then, certain nuggets, literary and artistic nuggets which they have taken for granted,
这样的作品展示出了宝贵的内涵，这种内涵既有文学意义，也有艺术意义，但之前却没有受到重视，
which they have relegated to the exotica. So it's a symbolic prize, and I view it as such ...
但作家却能将他们展现为新奇事物。所以这样才是有标志意义的奖项，这是我眼中的诺贝尔文学奖。
Wole Soyinka writes poetry, plays and novels in his native Yoruba and in English.
渥雷·索因卡不仅写诗，还写剧本和小说，这些作品都是用约鲁巴语和英语写的。
He studied theatre in England in the 1950s after attending Leeds University.
上世纪50年代，他在英格兰研究了戏剧，在那之前还在利兹大学上过学。
Then he returned to Nigeria in 1960 to form a highly successful and popular theatre group.
1960年，他回到尼日利亚，组建了非常成功又有知名度的戏剧团体。
His works, including political satire sketches, have been translated into many languages and performed all over the world.
他的作品里不乏政治讽刺类作品，已经被翻译成多种语言，在全球广为流传。
Soyinka says he is a writer for the theatre above all else,
索因卡表示，自己首先是一位作家，
and he feels perfectly comfortable writing in both his native tribal language as well as in English.
无论用本族语还是英语创作，他都心感舒适。
In the history of the world, there have been many writers,
世界史上曾出现过许多作家，
in fact, who ended up writing in a language which is not their first language.
他们的作品都不是自己的第一语言。
I think it's possible to evaluate the angst which goes with this kind of imposition, which becomes almost second nature.
我觉得是可以评估这种焦虑感的，即被迫用第二语言创作的焦虑感，就像是第二种身份一样。
But I think if one examines the question of translation ... and African,
但如果可以考虑到翻译的存在，
the works of African writers have been translated into all languages,
非洲作家的作品可以译为各种语言
the works of Chinow Tado, like mine, have been translated into Japanese, Arabic,
千野忠男的作品跟我的一样，被翻译成日语、阿拉伯语、
Russian, Bulgarian, and of course, African languages as well, then the problem becomes much smaller.
俄语、保加利亚语、当然也有非洲的语言，这样的话，问题就小多了。
Soyinka was reluctant to talk about his work amid the microphones, clicking cameras and glaring TV lights.
索因卡不愿在簇拥的话筒、闪烁的照相机和电视机镜头面前谈论自己的作品。
With a smile, he criticized reporters for preventing him from attending his UNESCO meeting today,
他微笑着抱怨记者耽误他参加今天的联合国教科文组织会议了，
and said he hoped to return to Nigeria as soon as possible where he can have some peace and quiet and time to write.
并表示自己希望尽快回到尼日利亚，这样可以在平和和安静之中慢慢创作。
For National Public Radio, this is Melodie Walker in Paris.
这里是国家公共电台的沃克为您从巴黎发回的报道。
