评论
打印
This is the most humane way to kill a fish.
最人道的杀鱼方法其实是
Stabbing it in the brain, and cutting it open to bleed out.
将钉子插入鱼的大脑，然后切开大脑放血。
I know, it looks gruesome,
看着有点儿血腥，我知道，
but trust me, it’s better than the alternative for the fish, and for you.
但请你相信我，无论是对鱼还是对你，这样做都比另一种方式要好。
Most fish are killed the same way:
大多数鱼类的死法都是一样的：
Scooped out of the water, thrown in a bucket of ice, and left to suffocate to death.
从水里被捞上来，然后被扔进一桶冰里任其窒息而死。
Their brains are really different from ours —
鱼的大脑和我们人的大脑有着很大的差别，
which makes it hard to figure out if and how they feel pain.
所以，我们很难弄清楚他们是否能感觉到疼痛以及是如何感受到疼痛的。
Studies are conclusive on one thing, though:
不过，许多研究都得出了一致的结论:
fish do feel stress — and try to fight or flee stressful situations.
鱼能感知压力，也会试图与压力作斗争或逃离压力。
It can take anywhere from five minutes to a few hours of struggling in the open air before a fish finally dies.
一条鱼死之前挣扎的时间从5分钟到几个小时不等。
And while they’re trying to escape,
当它们试图逃脱的时候，
their bloodstreams fill with stress hormones, like cortisol and adrenaline.
血液中就会充满应激激素，比如皮质醇和肾上腺素。
Plus, all that movement causes lactic acid to flood their muscles —
此外，所有这些运动还会导致肌肉中涌入大量乳酸，
the same chemical humans produce when we exercise.
我们人运动的时候也会产生这种化学物质。
When a fish is struggling to death, it's actually exercising, when it's suffocating, it's exercising...
鱼临死挣扎就相当于在锻炼，窒息的时候也是如此。
This is Andrew Tsui, an attorney and former commercial fisherman
这位是安德鲁·徐，他是一名律师，曾经养过鱼，
whose real passion is teaching people how to properly kill fish.
他真正的爱好是教人们如何正确地杀鱼。
That lactic acid buildup in the muscle tissue actually has real consequences at a cellular level.
事实上，乳酸在肌肉组织中积累是会对鱼造成细胞层面的影响的。
These chemicals speed up the breakdown of muscle and fat,
这些化学物质会加速肌肉和脂肪的分解，
which causes the fish to lose its inherent rich flavor and adopt a bitter, mushy taste.
继而导致鱼失去它本身的丰富口感，并变得又苦又柴。
They make fish rot quickly, And develop that unpleasant ‘fishy’ smell.
还会加快鱼肉的腐烂，让鱼散发出那种难闻的“鱼腥味”。
Since most fish are killed this way, it’s probably all you’ve ever tasted.
因为大多数鱼都是这样被杀死的，所以，你吃过的鱼可能都是这么被杀死的。
But there’s a better way.
问题是，还有更好的杀鱼方法。
Ike jime is a traditional Japanese method for killing fish.
“活缔”是日本传统的杀鱼方法。
It’s a four-step process, and according to Andrew, it basically translates to "brain spike."
“活缔”一共四个步骤，根据安德鲁的说法，这个词大致的意思是“脑钉”。
He’ll show you why with this live Maryland striped bass from the Chesapeake Bay:
他会用这条来自切萨皮克湾的马里兰条纹鲈鱼来给大家展示为什么这样杀鱼更合理：
So the first step is to actually make sure that this fish doesn't experience any stress.
第一步是确保这条鱼没有任何压力。
We're gonna kill this fish by placing a spike into its brain.
杀的时候，我们往鱼头的位置插入一颗钉子。
You know that you've actually hit its brain when that fish seizes like this.
鱼这样动弹的时候你就知道你已经插对位置了。
Its dorsal and the rest of its fins flare and its mouth will flare.
它的背部和其余位置的鳍会张开，它的嘴也会张开。
Once it’s spiked, the fish is brain dead,
钉子刺入鱼头之后，鱼的大脑就会死亡，
meaning it can’t experience any more stress —
意思就是它不会再感觉到压力了——
but it’s heart is still beating from cellular energy reserves.
但它的心脏还能在细胞能量储备的供应下继续跳动。
Because its heart is still bleeding, we're gonna use the residual blood pressure to pump out and bleed the fish.
因为它的心脏还在流血，所以我们要用剩余的血压把血给它挤出来。
This is also known as exsanguination.
这一步也叫“放血”。
So the process of exsanguinating a fish is three cuts.
放血的过程一共要切三刀。
The first cut is at the gill arches on both sides.
第一刀切两侧的鳃弓。
And then the third cut is at the artery in the tail.
第三刀切尾部的动脉。
Removing the blood means the fish rots slower.
放过血的鱼就腐烂得没那么快。
At this point, even though the fish is braindead,
这个时候，即便鱼的大脑已经死亡，
the nervous system can still cause involuntary muscle movement —
神经系统还是可以引起不自主的肌肉运动，
which adds to that unsavory lactic acid buildup.
引起那个令人讨厌的乳酸堆积的过程。
The next step shuts that down.
下一步就是阻止这一过程。
One of the more gruesome parts of ike jime is the spinal cord destruction
“活缔”最可怕的地方之一就是破坏鱼的脊髓，
and the necessity of it sort of varies by species.
但是否需要还是要看鱼的种类。
But essentially what the objective is,
但本质上我们的目标是
is to cease any further signaling between the central nervous system and the muscle tissue.
彻底停止中枢神经系统和肌肉组织之间进行进一步的信号传递。
And that takes place in the spinal cord.
而这一传递就是在脊髓内完成的。
One of the ways that that is achievable
破坏鱼的脊髓，一个可行的办法就是
is by sending a metal pith through the spinal cord of the fish.
用一根金属针穿过鱼的脊髓。
Last but not least, the fish goes into a bath of ice water.
最后，将鱼放入冰水里。
We use a one to one ice to water ratio to create a slurry and then submerge the fish fully in the slurry.
我们用冰与水的比例为一比一的冰水来创造一个冰水混合的环境，然后将鱼完全地浸入冰水里。
In there, the muscles cool down and the fish finishes bleeding out.
放入冰水之后，鱼的肌肉冷却下来，也就不会再流血了。
