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So if step one is reduce, or stop giving people stuff they don’t need, then step two is reuse.
如果减少垃圾的第一步是减少制造垃圾，或者停止提供人们并不需要的东西，那么，第二步就是再利用。
Let’s make it easier for people to switch to reusable stuff.
我们要让使用可重复利用的东西变得更省心。
UC Merced have made the switch to reusable takeout containers in their dining hall.
加州大学摩赛德分校的食堂已经开始改用可重复使用的外带餐盒了。
"Reusable is always the way to go, and if you think about it,
“重复利用这个办法总是可行的，想想看，
if you're reusing this container and you're getting more uses out of it,
如果你重复利用了这个餐盒，提高了它的利用率，
although the cost upfront is larger, in the long run you’re saving a lot of money."
尽管前期的成本更大了，但从长远来看，你能剩下不少钱。”
Julie Sagusay is the Food Services Manager and each year, about a third of the meals served at the dining hall are to-go meals.
朱莉·萨古赛是该校食品服务部的经理，每年，她的餐厅供应的餐食约有三分之一都是打包带走的。
That adds up to about 350,000 single-use containers that they avoid using every year.
这就意味着，他们每年要省35万个一次性餐盒。
When you want a meal to-go, you check out the container with your student card, like you would a library book —
你要打包一份餐的时候，你就用学生卡刷走一个餐盒，就像在图书馆借书一样——
and then when you’re done, you return it to one of these eight machines around campus.
等你用完餐以后，你可以把它还到校园里的这八台机器的任何一台里。
A lot of universities and a few hospitals have introduced reusable container systems like this.
不少大学以及一部分医院都已经引进了这样的可重复使用的餐盒系统。
There’s even a company in Portland called GO Box that works with local restaurants to offer a reusable option for takeout food.
波特兰市甚至还有一家名为GO Box的公司，他们与当地餐厅展开了合作，为他们提供可重复使用的外卖餐盒。
And it isn’t just food containers.
不止餐盒可以重复利用。
Reusable water bottles are one of the easiest ways to cut down on to-go trash.
重复使用水瓶也是减少外带垃圾最简单的办法之一。
Around the world, people buy a million plastic bottles each minute and most of them will end up in a landfill or the ocean.
全世界平均每分钟会卖出100万瓶塑料包装的瓶装水，这些瓶子最后大多都进了填埋场或是漂到了海里。
"It’s so much smarter to just have one bottle.
“相比之下，用一个水瓶要明智得多。
It’s really important that we get away from thinking of anything as a single-use."
把任何一样东西都看作是一次性用品，事实上，摆脱这种想法是非常重要的。”
From 1987 to 2014, the amount of bottled water that Americans drink has quadrupled.
1987年到2014年间，美国人喝的瓶装水的数量就翻了两番。
So we drink more bottled water than milk or even beer.
换句话说，我们喝的瓶装水比喝的牛奶甚至是啤酒都多。
And during this time, the classic water fountain we all know and love has pretty much fallen out of favor.
在此期间，曾经人见人爱的传统直饮水基本已经失宠了。
That’s partly because people are concerned about water safety, not to mention hygiene, right?
部分原因是人们担心水的安全，卫生就更不用说了，对吧。
Concerns that Anne Perkins here has.
安妮·珀金斯就有这样的担忧。
"Kiss one water fountain drinker and you’re kissing everyone in Pawnee.
“跟一个直饮水水龙头嘴对嘴，就相当于你跟波尼这儿的所有人都间接接吻了。
Including him."
包括他。”
But recently, that drinking fountain — well it’s got a bit of a facelift.
不过，最近，直饮水——嗯，又出现了抬头之势。
Water bottle filling stations have been popping up,
给水杯装水的水站正在兴起，
making it easier to get free, filtered water when you’re on the go.
大家已经能在赶路的时候方便地接到免费的过滤水了。
UC Irvine installed 160 of these on campus and it’s made a big difference.
加州大学欧文分校已经装了160个这样的取水装置，且已经取得了明显的成效。
Each year, the campus avoids using roughly 3 million plastic bottles.
一年时间，他们学校就能省下大约300万个塑料瓶。
"Our disposable water bottle sales have dropped over 30% in the last couple of years just by people bring their own water bottle.
“过去两年，我们的一次性瓶装水的销量下降了30%以上，全是靠大家自己带水瓶才有了这一成绩。
How can we change our processes little by little by little each year until they become the way we do things?
我们要怎样一点一点地改变我们的流程，才能让它变成一种生活方式呢？
It isn’t done by just dealing with the trash at the end."
光盯着垃圾制造环节的末端是不够的。”
It really is about changing culture.
最重要的还是要改变我们的文化。
Today, UC Irvine is diverting 80 percent of their waste from landfills by focusing on reuse, composting, and recycling.
如今，加州大学欧文分校正在大搞再利用、堆肥和回收运动，以扭转80%原本要送到垃圾填埋场的垃圾的命运。
"Zero waste is a possibility.
“零浪费是可能的。
It’s just never quitting."
只要我们永不放弃。”
And cities across the country are trying to reach that goal too.
我们的各大城市也在努力实现这一目标。
Achieving zero waste means building more robust recycling and composting programs.
实现零废物意味着还要建立更健全的回收和堆肥方案。
But it also means rethinking all the stuff in our lives.
但也意味着要重新审视我们生活中的所有东西。
How do companies package the things they sell us?
审视商家在如何包装他们卖给我们的东西。
Can they use materials that are easier to recycle?
他们能否换成更容易回收的材料？
How do we make it easier for people to switch to reusables?
我们如何才能让大家在过渡到使用可重复使用的东西时过渡得更轻松？
So really take a look at what you’re throwing away at the end of a meal and pick one thing.
所以，请大家在用餐结束准备丢餐具和包装时再好好看看，哪个是你能变得更环保的。
Maybe it’s saying no to bags or maybe it’s carrying around a reusable bottle.
无论是拒绝使用塑料袋，还是随身携带可重复使用的瓶子，都可以。
It may seem like a trivially small thing, but it is part of a larger cultural shift.
这看似是一件微不足道的小事，但也可以是一场浩大的文化转型运动的一份子。
Every plastic cup or plastic straw that doesn’t need to be made, every tree that doesn’t need to be cut down —
每一个没有必要制造的塑料杯，塑料吸管，每一棵没有必要砍伐的树——
all of it helps us reduce global warming.
都能帮助我们减缓全球变暖。
There’s a lot simple ways to reduce your trash.
减少垃圾其实是有很多简单的方法的。
Watch my interview with Lauren Singer who can fit four years worth of trash, no kidding, into a single jar.
不信来看我采访劳伦·辛格的视频，她四年的垃圾一个罐子就能装下，没开玩笑噢。
And check out climate.universityofcalifornia.edu for other global warming solutions.
大家还可以登录climate.universityofcalifornia.edu查看其他减缓全球变暖的解决办法。
