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In 1957 Nikon produced their first special order fish-eye camera, factoring in inflation, it was a $27,000 piece of gear.
1957年，尼康推出了首款特别定制的鱼眼相机，算上通胀，这款相机在当时的售价是2.7万美元。
Though they were still primarily used for scientific research,
尽管当时这款镜头主要还是科学研究者们在用，
a few caught the attention of magazine and newspaper photographers.
但还是有几个引起了杂志摄影师和报纸摄影师的注意。
This 1957 issue of Life Magazine, shows a fisheye view of a senate hearing.
1957年的这期《生活》杂志就展示了用鱼眼镜头拍摄的参议院听证会的情形。
A few months later that same camera photographed a pole vaulter mid jump.
几个月后，这款相机又记录下了一名撑杆跳运动员半程跳远的瞬间。
And in 1962, Sixty years after Robert Woods’ original experiments, Nikon’s first consumer grade fish-eye lens hit the market.
1962年，也即罗伯特·伍兹最初做那个实验的60年后，尼康的第一款消费级鱼眼镜头面市了。
And it became a pop culture phenomenon.
随即掀起了一股流行文化风潮。
It captured baseball stadiums, Shark cages, Political conventions, the Apollo trainings, and launches, and protests.
记录下了棒球比赛现场、鲨鱼的笼子、政治会议、阿波罗计划的训练及发射，抗议活动等各种场景。
It was and always has been a handy tool to capture tight quarters.
鱼眼镜头一直是捕捉狭小角落非常方便的一个工具。
As well as huge spaces.
不过捕捉开阔空间也同样优秀。
But perhaps its greatest strength was making rock stars appear larger than life.
但也许，它最大的亮点还是让摇滚明星看起来比真人更大。
When the Beatles kicked off the British Invasion in the mid 60s.
60年代中期，披头士开始了对英国的“入侵”。
The fish eye lens was uniquely suited to document the insanity.
用鱼眼镜头记录当时的疯狂劲头再合适不过了。
Here they are at a Miami press conference.
这是他们在迈阿密的新闻发布会上。
And during a TV performance.
这是他们在录一期电视节目。
The len’s warped perspective reflected the trippiness of the psychedelic era.
鱼眼镜头扭曲的视角恰好反映了那个迷幻时代的迷幻之感。
Including the Woodstock music festival.
还有伍德斯托克音乐节的一些瞬间。
This is jazz musician, Sam Rivers’, 1965 album Fuchsia Swing Song and it’s one of the earliest fisheye album covers.
这是爵士音乐家萨姆·里弗斯1965年的专辑《Fuchsia Swing Song》的封面，也是最早采用鱼眼镜头拍摄的唱片封面之一。
A few months later the Byrds Released Mr. Tambourine Man.
几个月后，Byrds乐队发行了《Tambourine Man》。
Over the next few years the fisheye album art format cemented itself in music.
接下来的几年里，鱼眼专辑封面这一艺术形式在音乐圈中的地位日渐稳固。
The most common format was this: A giant circular fisheye lens portrait of the artist or band.
其中，最常见的形式是：用鱼眼镜头为艺人或乐队拍摄一幅巨大的肖像照。
With typography above and below it.
封面文字则放在照片的上方和下方。
In more illustrated approaches, the font wraps fully around the image.
还有进一步发挥，用文字包围图像这种类型。
And some exclude the artist altogether, opting to show an interesting scene or landscape.
还有一些则完全没有让艺人露面，而是展示了一个有趣的场景或风景。
"Oh, I just thought of a fish eye album cover. Do you know Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield? "
“啊，我刚想起了一张鱼眼镜头拍摄的专辑封面。你看过麦克·欧菲尔德《Hergest Ridge》那张专辑的封面吗？”
"No, but I’m going to look it up."
“没有，我这就去搜一下。”
"Wow that’s cool."
“哇，好帅啊。”
The fisheye lens was a go-to piece of gear for music photographers and filmmakers by the end of the 1970s.
一直到20世纪70年代末，鱼眼镜头都一直是音乐摄影师和电影制作人的首选镜头。
It was there for concerts, television performances, and photoshoots.
无论是音乐会、电视表演还是摄影，鱼眼镜头从不会缺席。
So by the time MTV launched in 1981,
所以，到1981年MTV音乐频道正式开台的时候，
it was inevitable that the super wide angle lens would play a huge role in music videos.
这种超广角镜头不可避免地就将在音乐视频中扮演重要角色了。
It could get super close to a performer while still capturing the space around them.
它可以在非常近距离地拍摄表演者的同时捕捉到他们周围的背景。
This is the music video for the Beastie Boys track "Shake your Rump".
这是“野兽男孩”乐队的歌曲《Shake your Rump》的MV。
It was shot with at least three cameras equipped with a fisheye lens.
这个MV至少用了三台配备鱼眼镜头的相机拍摄
Fisheye worked for every genre, from 60s hippies to alt rock.
无论是拍摄60年代的嬉皮士音乐还是拍摄另类摇滚，鱼眼镜头都能hold住。
But hip-hop had a sense of humor, and it was in your face.
不过，嘻哈音乐有一种幽默感，那就是歌手们经常会怼着你的脸演唱。
Which helped turn it into one of the genre’s signature looks.
这就使得用鱼眼镜头拍摄的画面成了该流派的一大标志性特点。
And in the 90s that's thanks to director Hype Williams.
而在90年代，导演海普·威廉姆斯对嘻哈音乐这一风格的产生堪称功不可没。
From 1991 to 1999 he directed dozens of music video for top artists.
1991年到1999年间，他为多名顶级歌手执导了数十部MV。
And many of those prominently featured a fisheye perspective.
其中很多都重点运用了鱼眼视角。
Busta Rhymes, TLC, and of course, Missy Elliot.
比如布斯塔·莱姆斯, TLC乐队的MV，当然，还有梅西·埃丽奥特的MV。
The list goes on and on.
这样的例子不胜枚举。
And let's not forget those album covers.
别忘了还有很多同样运用了鱼眼视角的专辑封面。
The Fisheye lens is, no doubt, a novelty.
毫无疑问，鱼眼镜头是种新鲜事物。
When you see a photo taken with it,
当你看到用这种镜头拍摄的照片时，
your eye will likely first focus on the highly distorted style of the image, and then register what’s in it.
你的眼睛最先关注的可能是扭曲的图像风格，然后才会注意到其中的内容。
But that undersells how timeless and useful of a tool it actually is.
然而，这么说并不能真正体现鱼眼镜头是多么永恒，多么有用的一种工具。
One generation might see it as a psychedelic photography trope.
一代人可能会认为它是一种迷幻的摄影修辞。
Another a 1990s hip-hop throwback.
另一代人则可能觉得它是90年代嘻哈复古风潮的象征。
If you’re an astronomer, it helps you track clouds moving across the atmosphere and the terrain on the surface of Mars.
而如果你是一位天文学家，它可以帮助你追踪云层在大气中的移动以及火星表面的地形。
And if you’re as curious as Robert Woods, it’ll let you see the world from the point of view of you, of a fish.
如果你和罗伯特·伍兹一样好奇，它又能让你看到鱼眼中的世界。
