评论
打印
imperfection and impermanence.
缺憾与无常
Imperfection because these lines
缺憾是因为这些线条
are uncontrolled and irregular, and impermanence
是不受控制且不规则的 而无常
because, of course, the ice will melt.
是因为冰终将融化
And those two concepts are just as fundamental
这两个概念在日本艺术中的根本地位
to Japanese art as the classical Greek-Roman ideas
相当于古希腊-罗马对美与无缺的经典理念
of beauty and perfection are to European art,
在欧洲艺术中的地位
so this is Okyo incorporating European ideas into his art,
所以圆山在这幅作品中吸收了欧式理念
but in ways that are in keeping
但同时也保持了
with Japanese philosophy and Japanese tastes.
日式哲学与审美品味
This synthesis of east and west was only possible
没有日本与荷兰之间
because of the tiny trading bottleneck
小小的贸易瓶颈
between Japan and Holland.
这样的东西结合是不可能发生的
Yet from the Dutch point of view,
而在荷兰人眼中
it was just one of many global trading partnerships.
这只是众多全球贸易合作关系之一
It gave the tiny Dutch Republic an influence
这使小小的荷兰共和国拥有
that was way out of proportion with its size.
与国土面积完全不成比例的巨大影响
Dutch merchants grew rich supplying their clients
荷兰商人向海外客户供货而获利
abroad and back home with the goods they wanted,
之后带着自己想要的货物返回国内
as well as with new and exotic goods
同时带来了自己也没想到的
they hadn't even known they wanted.
新鲜的异国奇珍
At the very centre of this vast, intercontinental network
在这覆盖甚广的洲际贸易基地网络
of trading bases and this web of shipping routes
与运输航路的中心
lay the city of Amsterdam.
就坐落着阿姆斯特丹
In the Dutch golden age of the 17th century,
十七世纪是荷兰的黄金年代
Amsterdam was one enormous market -
阿姆斯特丹就是规模巨大的市场
everything and anything was being bought and sold here.
商品琳琅满目 交易热火朝天
When the French philosopher Descartes
当法国哲学家笛卡尔在十七世纪三十年代
arrived in the 1630s, he described it as a city
来到这里时 他将这个城市描述为
where all of the commodities and all of the curiosities
这里可以买到你想要的任何货物
that one could wish for could be bought.
你所能想象的任何奇珍异品
So, whereas the Japanese had tried to block out the wider world,
正当日本人对外部世界唯恐避之而不及时
their Dutch trading partners couldn't get enough of it.
他们的荷兰贸易伙伴却愈发乐此不疲
In Amsterdam, the Republic's wealthy merchants
在阿姆斯特丹 共和国富有的商人们
built their grand, canalside villas
沿运河建起了豪华别墅
and filled them with the fruits of global trade.
里面藏满来自全球贸易的累累硕果
