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Let's imagine together we've gone on an eight-month journey and arrived to the planet Mars.
让我们想象一下，我们一起踏上了为期八个月的旅程，到达了火星。
Yes, Mars.
是的，火星。
Somehow we'll have to figure out how to build protective and durable structures to shield us against solar radiation, galactic cosmic rays and extreme temperatures swings.
不管怎么说，我们要弄清楚如何建造耐用的防护建筑，以保护我们免受太阳辐射、银河系宇宙射线和极端温度波动的影响。
On a Mars mission, there's only so much that we can bring with us from Earth.
在前往火星的任务中，我们能从地球带去的东西是有限的。
And it's prohibitively expensive to launch tons and tons of construction materials into space.
将成吨的建筑材料发射到太空中的成本十分高昂。
So to realize a pioneering habitat that progressively grows, adapts and expands into a permanent outpost, we have to think differently about how we build.
因此，要获得一个逐渐发展、调整、扩张的开拓性栖息地，我们必须重新思考我们的建造方式。
These habitats and the robots that build them will enable humanity to thrive off-world.
这些栖息地和建造它们的机器人能够让人类的繁荣延伸至宇宙。
I am a space architect.
我是一名太空建筑师。
I design and conceive habitats supporting human exploration in deep space, like on the surface of Mars.
我设计和设想了能够让人类在深空，比如火星表面进行探索的栖息地。
Not only do I design spaces for optimal crew health and performance, but I also investigate what these habitats are and how they're going to be built.
我不仅为乘组的健康和状态考虑，设计最佳空间，还研究了这些栖息地是什么样的，以及如何建造。
Now, Mars is so far from us that communications delays can take up to 22 minutes one way to or from Earth.
现在，火星离我们如此之远，与地球之间的单程通讯延迟可达22分钟。
And what that means is that we can't rely on real-time telerobotics controlled by people on Earth to supervise what happens in construction on Mars or for that matter, to supervise anything that happens when we're exploring the planet.
这意味着我们不能依赖由地球上的人控制的实时遥控机器人，让它们来监督火星上的建筑活动，或者监控我们探索火星时发生的事情。
But if we leverage autonomous robotics, we'll send 3D printers and other construction robots to build protective habitats and shelters before the crew even arrives.
但如果我们利用自主机器人技术，就能够在乘组抵达火星之前，让3D打印机和其他工程机器人先去到目的地，建设防护栖息地和住所。
So how exactly would 3D printers build a habitat on Mars?
那么，如何利用3D打印机在火星上建造家园呢？
Well, first we have to figure out what these structures are made out of.
首先，我们必须弄清楚这些建筑是由什么材料构成的。
Just like early civilizations, we'll use in-situ regolith, commonly known as dirt, and other resources that are local and indigenous to the planet, including water, and possibly combine them with additives and binders that we bring from Earth to engineer high-performance construction materials.
我们会使用早期文明会利用的原有的风化层，即我们熟知的“泥土”，和地球上其它本地原生资源，包括水，并可能加上一些从地球带来的添加剂和粘合剂，设计出高性能建筑材料。
