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The world this week--Business
本周国际要闻--商业
The annual rate of inflation in America rose again in December, to 2.9%, the third consecutive increase.
美国12月份的年通货膨胀率再次上升，达到2.9%，这是连续第三个月上升。
Although there was some relief that the core rate softened, markets expect the Federal Reserve to now slow its pace of interest-rate cuts.
虽然核心利率回软让人松了一口气，但市场预计美联储现在将放慢降息步伐。
Economists warn that inflation will only strengthen if the new Trump administration imposes a harsh tariff regime.
经济学家警告称，如果特朗普新政府实施严厉的关税制度，通胀只会加剧。
The sell-off eased in bond markets, but yields remain high, adding to governments’ debt load, especially in Britain, where higher yields have upended the government’s fiscal plans.
债券市场的抛售有所缓解，但收益率仍然居高不下，增加了政府的债务负担，特别是在英国，较高的收益率已经颠覆了政府的财政计划。
Investors in Britain found some relief when inflation there unexpectedly slowed in December, to 2.5%, Argentina’s annual inflation rate eased again in December to 117.8%.
去年12月，英国的通货膨胀率出人意料地放缓至2.5%，阿根廷的年通货膨胀率在12月再次回落至117.8%，这让英国投资者松了一口气。
The peak last year was 289% in April.
去年的峰值是4月份的289%。
The month-on-month rate in December rose slightly to 2.7%; in December 2023 it stood at 25.5%.
12月份的环比利率略有上升至2.7%；2023年12月的环比利率为25.5%。
The German economy shrank by 0.2% in 2024, after contracting by 0.3% in 2023.
德国经济在2023年收缩0.3%后，2024年又萎缩了0.2%。
Output from construction was down by 3.8% and from manufacturing by 3%, in part because of the problems that Chinese competition and the transition to electric vehicles are causing Germany’s car industry.
建筑业的产出下降了3.8%，制造业的产出下降了3%，部分原因是来自中国的竞争和向电动汽车的过渡给德国汽车业带来了问题。
Volkswagen’s global sales fell by 2.3% in 2024.
大众汽车2024年全球销量下降2.3%。
In China VW’s sales plunged by 10%.
在中国，大众的销量暴跌了10%。
Oil prices rose to their highest levels since August, because of the new sanctions America has imposed on Russia’s oil industry to try to curb its exports.
油价升至8月份以来的最高水平，因为美国对俄罗斯石油业实施了新的制裁，试图遏制其出口。
Brent crude traded above $82 a barrel; at the start of the year it was around $75.
布伦特原油的交易价格高于每桶82美元；今年年初，它的价格约为每桶75美元。
The resurgence of China’s exports last year helped push its annual trade surplus up by 21% to $992bn, a third of which was with the United States.
去年中国出口复苏，使其年度贸易顺差增加了21%，达到9920亿美元，其中三分之一来自美国。
The Biden administration imposed further restrictions on exporting artificial-intelligence chips, including caps on exports of graphics processing units.
拜登政府对人工智能芯片的出口施加了进一步的限制，包括对图形处理器的出口设置上限。
Nvidia, the leading supplier of GPUs, criticised the new rules as a “regulatory morass, drafted in secret and without proper legislative review”, which would “undermine” America’s leadership in the technology.
英伟达是图形处理器的主要供应商，它批评新规则是“秘密起草的、没有经过适当立法审查的监管泥潭”，这将“削弱”美国在图形处理器技术领域的领导地位。
It also said that the first Trump administration laid the foundation for America’s success in AI, which is perhaps a plea for the incoming new government to scrap the restrictions.
它还表示，特朗普第一届任期的政府为美国在人工智能领域的成功奠定了基础，这可能是在恳求即将上任的新政府取消限制。
JPMorgan Chase reported a net profit of $14bn for the final quarter of 2024, a 50% increase from the same period in 2023.
摩根大通报告称，2024年第四季度实现净利润140亿美元，较2023年同期增长50%。
Profit at America’s biggest bank for the whole of 2024 came in at $58.5bn, a record for the firm.
这家美国最大的银行在2024年全年的利润达到585亿美元，创下了该公司的纪录。
Jamie Dimon, the bank’s chief executive, said businesses were “encouraged by expectations for a more pro-growth agenda”.
该行首席执行官杰米·戴蒙表示，企业“受到更有利于增长的议程预期的鼓舞”。
Goldman Sachs doubled its profit in the fourth quarter, to $4.1bn.
高盛第四季度利润翻了一番，达到41亿美元。
BlackRock, Citigroup and Wells Fargo also posted bumper earnings.
贝莱德、花旗集团和富国银行也公布了丰厚的收益。
Blue Origin, Jeff Bezos’s rocket company, successfully launched its heavy-lift vehicle New Glenn into orbit.
杰夫·贝佐斯的火箭公司Blue Origin成功地将其重型运载火箭New Glenn送入轨道。
An attempt to recover its first stage failed, however.
然而，尝试恢复其第一阶段的努力失败了。
