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In Raisin in the Sun, Lorraine Hansberry does not reject integration or the economic and moral progress of the American dream;rather, she remains loyal to this dream while looking, realistically, at its incomplete realization. Once we recognize this dual vision, we can accept the play's ironic nuances as deliberate social commentaries by Hansberry rather than as the "unintentional" irony that Bigsby attributes to the work. Indeed a curiously persistent refusal to credit Hansberry with a capacity for intentional irony has led some critics to interpret the play's thematic conflicts as mere confusion, contradiction, or eclecticism. Isaacs, for example, cannot easily reconcile Hansberry's intense concern for her race with her ideal of human reconciliation. But the play's complex view of Black self-esteem and human solidarity as compatible is no more "contradictory" than Du Bois'famous, well-considered ideal of ethnic self-awareness coexisting with human unity, or Fanon's emphasis on an ideal internationalism that also accommodates national identities and roles.
The author's primary purpose in this passage is to
A.explain some critics' refusal to consider Raisin in the Sun a deliberately ironic play
B.suggest that ironic nuances ally Raisin in the Sun with Du Bois' and Fanon's writings
C.analyze the fundamental dramatic conflicts in Raisin in the Sun
D.justify the inclusion of contradictory elements in Raisin in the Sun
E.affirm the thematic coherence underlying Raisin in the Sun
It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes which of the following about Hansberry's use of irony in Raisin in the Sun?
A.It derives from Hansberry's eclectic approach to dramatic structure.
B.It is justified by Hansberry's loyalty to a favorable depiction of American life.
C.It is influenced by the themes of works by Du Bois and Fanon.
D.It is more consistent with Hansberry's concern for Black Americans than with her ideal of human reconciliation.
E.It reflects Hansberry's reservations about the extent to which the American dream has been realized.
In which of the following does the author of the passage reinforce his criticism of responses such as Isaacs'to Raisin in the Sun?
A.The statement that Hansberry is “loyal” (line 3) to the American dream
B.The description of Hansberry's concern for Black Americans as “intense” (line 13)
C.The assertion that Hansberry is concerned with “human solidarity” (line 15)
D.The description of Du Bois' ideal as “well-considered” (line 17)
E.The description of Fanon's internationalism as “ideal” (line 19)
The author of the passage would probably consider which of the following judgments to be most similar to the reasoning of critics described in lines 8-12?
A.The world is certainly flat; therefore, the person proposing to sail around it is unquestionably foolhardy.
B.Radioactivity cannot be directly perceived; therefore, a scientist could not possibly control it in a laboratory.
C.The painter of this picture could not intend it to be funny, therefore, its humor must result from a lack of skill.
D.Traditional social mores are beneficial to culture; therefore, anyone who deviates from them acts destructively.
E.Filmmakers who produce documentaries deal exclusively with facts; therefore, a filmmaker who reinterprets particular events is misleading us.
