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Libertarian Party politician Javier Milei has won Argentina's presidential election with 56 percent of the vote.
自由党政治家哈维尔·米莱以56%的得票率赢得阿根廷总统选举。
Now President-elect Milei must face the South American country's economic problems.
如今，当选总统米莱必须面对这个南美国家的经济问题。
Inflation has been measured at over 140 percent.
通货膨胀率已超过140%。
The country lacks foreign currency for international trade, people who aim to save are selling the Argentine Peso, and a recession appears likely.
该国缺乏用于国际贸易的外汇，想存钱的人正在抛售阿根廷货币比索，经济衰退似乎很有可能发生。
About 40 percent of Argentines live in poverty.
大约40%的阿根廷人生活在贫困中。
Milei is promising to close Argentina's central bank.
米莱承诺关闭阿根廷中央银行。
He also supports dollarization.
他还支持美元化。
Dollarization means Argentina would stop using its peso and instead use the U.S. dollar for money.
美元化表示阿根廷将停止使用比索，转而使用美元。
Milei won a second-round of voting on Sunday with about 56 percent against opponent Sergio Massa's 44 percent.
米莱在周日的第二轮投票中以56%的得票率获胜，对手塞尔希奥·马萨的得票率为44%。
Now he will try to turn around the economy once he takes office on December 10.
如今，他将会在12月10日上任后努力扭转经济状况。
Failure could lead to the country's tenth debt default, increased poverty, and possible social unrest.
如果失败，可能会导致该国第十次债务违约，从而加剧贫困，并可能会引发社会动荡。
Argentina's high inflation rate creates huge problems in its markets and for consumers.
阿根廷的高通货膨胀率给其市场和消费者带来了巨大的问题。
Prices change weekly.
价格每周都有变化。
Economic experts predict a yearly rate of 185 percent inflation by the end of the year.
经济专家预测，到今年年底，年通货膨胀率将会达到185%。
To reduce inflation, Argentina's central bank has increased the interest rate to 133 percent, which pushes people to save Argentine pesos.
为了降低通货膨胀率，阿根廷中央银行将利率提高到133%，这促使人们储蓄阿根廷货币比索。
However, this move makes it too costly to borrow money and hurts economic growth.
然而，这一举措使借贷成本过高，损害了经济增长。
Capital controls have harmed the value of Argentina's peso since a stock market crash there in 2019.
自2019年阿根廷股市崩盘以来，资本管制损害了阿根廷货币比索的价值。
However, different exchange rates for currencies of other nations have led to problems.
然而，其他国家货币的不同汇率导致了问题。
For example, the U.S. dollar's official exchange rate is about 350 pesos per dollar, but news reports say it can trade for a far higher price under different controls.
例如，美元的官方汇率约为1美元兑350比索，但据新闻报道，在不同的管制措施下，美元可以以更高的价格进行交易。
Milei has promised to quickly undo capital controls and to dollarize the country's economy.
米莱承诺会迅速解除资本管制，实现该国经济美元化。
Argentina's central bank reserves of foreign currency are near their lowest level since 2006.
阿根廷央行的外汇储备接近2006年以来的最低水平。
A major drought affected the exports of important crops like soy, corn, and wheat, which used to bring in enough foreign exchange money.
严重的干旱影响了大豆、玉米和小麦等重要农作物的出口，这些作物过去常常带来足够的外汇收入。
Low reserves threaten the country's ability to repay its debts to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and private bondholders.
外汇储备量偏低威胁到该国偿还国际货币基金组织和私人债券持有者债务的能力。
It will also be difficult to pay for imported goods.
支付进口商品的费用也会变得很困难。
The government has agreed on an extended currency swap with China to help enable it to carry out foreign trade.
该国政府已与中国就延长货币互换协议达成一致，以帮助其开展对外贸易。
Argentina also had to delay some payments to important trade partners like neighboring Brazil.
阿根廷还不得不推迟向邻国巴西等重要贸易伙伴支付部分款项。
Argentina is Latin America's third-largest economy.
阿根廷是拉丁美洲第三大经济体。
But it is expected to shrink by two percent this year, the central bank predicted.
但据央行预测，今年该国经济预计将缩水2%。
The recession is partly being blamed on the drought that cut corn and soy crops in half.
经济衰退的部分原因是干旱导致玉米和大豆作物减产一半。
With very high inflation, poverty will likely increase as workers' pay and savings decrease.
在通货膨胀率非常高的情况下，随着工人工资和储蓄的减少，贫困可能会加剧。
Argentina, rich in important grains, natural gas, and lithium, could see an increase next year as improved weather helps crops.
阿根廷盛产重要谷物、天然气和锂，由于天气改善有利于农作物生长，该国明年的产量可能会增加。
A new gas pipeline will reduce dependence on costly imports, and demand is rising for the lithium needed for electric vehicle batteries.
一条新的天然气管道将会减少其对昂贵进口天然气的依赖，电动汽车电池所需的锂的需求也在上升。
Soy and corn are expected to have stronger harvests, which will bring in much-needed foreign currency.
预计大豆和玉米将会有更好的收成，这将会增加急需的外汇。
Eugenio Mari is head economist at Libertad y Progreso Foundation.
欧亨尼奥·马利是Libertad y Progreso基金会的首席经济学家。
He said agriculture and oil and gas from rocks, called shale, can help the economy.
他说，农业和从页岩中提取的石油和天然气可以帮助经济发展。
The "harvest will help bring a greater flow of income in the economy, as will the greater production of (shale oil formation)," he said.
他说，“农作物收成有助于为经济带来更大的收入流，页岩油层产量的增加也会增加收入流。”
I'm Dan Novak.
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