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American educators and lawmakers are calling for complete bans on smartphone use by students in schools.
美国教育工作者和立法者呼吁全面禁止学生在学校使用智能手机。
Most U.S. schools already have rules restricting phone use in class.
大多数美国学校已经制定了限制在课堂上使用手机的规定。
But administrators and teachers say the measures are difficult to enforce.
但管理人员和教师表示，这些措施很难执行。
Educators across the United States say students are using their phones to do many things that can distract their attention during class.
美国各地的教育工作者表示，学生们正在课堂上用手机做很多分散注意力的事情。
These include sending messages, gaming, listening to music, watching videos, checking social media and shopping.
其中包括发信息、玩游戏、听音乐、看视频、查看社交媒体和购物。
Studies in recent years have confirmed high smartphone usage by young people in America.
近年来的研究证实，美国年轻人的智能手机使用率很高。
But an increasing number of educators and experts are now beginning to agree that total bans are necessary to solve the problem.
但越来越多的教育工作者和专家现在开始同意，要解决这个问题，全面禁止是必要的。
Leaders and lawmakers in a growing number of states have also called for complete phone bans or suggested new ways to limit their use in class.
越来越多的州的领导人和立法者也呼吁全面禁止使用手机，或提出新方法来限制在课堂上使用手机。
James Granger is a science teacher at a Los Angeles, California high school.
詹姆斯·格兰杰是加利福尼亚州洛杉矶市一所高中的科学教师。
He recently told The Associated Press (AP), "Students used to have an understanding that you aren't supposed to be on your phone in class. Those days are gone."
他最近在接受美联社采访时说：“学生们过去一直认为，上课不应该玩手机。那些日子已经过去了。”
Granger requires students attending his class to place their phones in a special container.
格兰杰要求上他课的学生将手机放在一个特殊的容器中。
"The only solution that works is to physically remove the cellphone from the student," Granger said.
格兰杰说：“唯一有效的解决办法就是从学生身上取走手机。”
The latest state intervention on phones in schools came last month in Utah.
上个月，犹他州对学生使用手机进行了最新的干预。
Governor Spencer Cox, a Republican, urged all school districts and the Board of Education to remove cellphones from classrooms.
共和党州长斯宾塞·考克斯敦促所有学区和教育委员会不让学生带手机进教室。
He explained that studies had repeatedly shown students do better in school when their phones are not available.
他解释说，研究一再表明，没有手机的学生在学校表现得更好。
The studies, Cox noted, found that learning improves, distractions are decreased, and students are more likely to talk to each other if their phones are taken away.
考克斯指出，这些研究发现，如果手机被拿走，学习成绩就会提高，分心的事情就会减少，学生更有可能相互交谈。
"We just need a space for six or seven hours a day where kids are not tethered to these devices," Cox told reporters.
考克斯告诉记者：“我们每天只需要让孩子们不受这些设备束缚六七个小时。”
He said his urging, which does not have the force of law, is part of a larger legislative push to protect children from social media harms.
他说，他的呼吁虽不具有法律效力，但是保护儿童免受社交媒体伤害所付出的更大立法措施的一部分。
Patrick Truman is a high school teacher in Maryland who bans student phone use during class.
帕特里克·杜鲁门是马里兰州的一名高中教师，他禁止学生在课堂上使用手机。
"Cellphone use is out of control," he told the AP.
他告诉美联社：“手机的使用已经失控了。”
"By that, I mean that I cannot control it, even in my own classroom."
“我的意思是，即使在我自己的教室里，我也无法控制它。”
Truman bought a container that can hold 36 phones.
杜鲁门买了一个可以容纳36部手机的容器。
But he says that still, every day, students find ways to hide their phones so they can still use them.
但他说，学生们每天还是会想办法把手机藏起来，这样他们就可以继续使用手机了。
Last year, Florida became the first state to strongly restrict phones in schools.
去年，佛罗里达州成为第一个严格限制学校使用手机的州。
A law took effect in July that requires all public schools in the state to ban student cellphone use and block social media services during class.
7月份生效的一项法律要求该州所有公立学校禁止学生在上课期间使用手机并关闭社交媒体服务。
Some school districts went a step further and banned phones for the whole school day.
一些学区甚至更进一步，禁止学生在校期间使用手机。
Oklahoma, Vermont and Kansas also recently introduced what is becoming known as "phone-free schools" legislation.
俄克拉荷马州、佛蒙特州和堪萨斯州最近也出台了一项被称为“无手机学校”的法规。
Two U.S. senators – Tom Cotton, an Arkansas Republican, and Tim Kaine, a Virginia Democrat – introduced federal legislation in December.
去年12月，阿肯色州共和党参议员汤姆·科顿和弗吉尼亚州民主党参议员蒂姆·凯恩提出了一项联邦法律。
The legislation would require a government study on how phone use by students affects their mental health and school progress.
这项法规将要求政府对学生使用手机如何影响他们的心理健康和学业进步进行研究。
The National Center for Education Statistics reports that nationally, 77 percent of U.S. schools say they currently ban phones for non-school use.
全国教育统计中心报告称，在全国范围内，77%的美国学校表示，除用于学习外，他们目前禁止学生使用手机。
Education experts, however, say that number is misleading.
然而，教育专家表示，这个数字具有误导性。
That is because it does not mean students are actually following the rules or that all the schools are enforcing them.
这是因为这并不意味着学生们真的遵守了规定，也不意味着所有的学校都在执行这些规定。
Many educators and experts say that, for a school phone ban to work, school administrators must be the ones to enforce it.
许多教育工作者和专家表示，禁用手机令要想在学校发挥作用，就必须由学校管理人员来执行。
Some students say such policies take away their autonomy and cut off their main method of communication with family and friends.
有些学生表示，这样的政策剥夺了他们的自主权，切断了他们与家人和朋友沟通的主要方式。
Opposition has also come from parents who fear they could be cut off from their children if there is a school emergency.
家长们也表示反对，他们担心，如果他们的孩子在学校出现紧急情况，他们可能会与孩子失去联系。
Kim Whitman is a leader of the Phone-Free Schools Movement, a group that advises schools.
金·惠特曼是“无手机学校运动”的领导人，该组织为学校提供建议。
She told the AP she urges educators to make exceptions for students with special educational and medical needs.
她告诉美联社，她敦促教育工作者为有特殊教育和医疗需求的学生破例。
I'm Bryan Lynn.
布莱恩·林恩为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
