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[00:00.00]A nonprofit group has identified more than 1,500 books that local schools in America have banned from their libraries and classrooms in 2022-2023.
一个非营利组织发现，在2022-2023年期间，美国当地的学校已经禁止超过1500本书进入他们的图书馆和教室。
[00:15.15]The free-speech activism group PEN America is based in New York City.
倡导言论自由的组织PEN America总部位于纽约市。
[00:21.10]The group said the number represented a 33 percent increase from the year before.
该组织表示，这一数字比前一年增加了33%。
[00:27.37]The American Library Association (ALA) says that there were more attempts to ban books from schools last year than ever before.
美国图书馆协会表示，去年尝试禁止某些书籍进入学校的活动次数比以往任何时候都要多。
[00:39.37]Moms for Liberty is a parental rights group based in Florida.
“自由之母”（Moms for Liberty）是一个总部位于佛罗里达的家长权利组织。
[00:45.45]The group has supported efforts to bar certain books from school libraries around the country.
该组织支持在全国范围内禁止某些书籍进入学校图书馆。
[00:53.12]Group co-founder Tiffany Justice told the television network NewsNation last year that many books in school libraries are not right for children or teenagers and are harmful.
该组织联合创始人蒂芙尼·贾斯蒂斯去年接受电视网络NewsNation采访时表示，学校图书馆中的许多书籍不适合儿童或青少年阅读，并且是有害的。
[01:08.17]"Public school children — K through 12 — do not have unfettered access to the internet at school, or movies, or music," Justice said.
“公立学校的孩子们——从幼儿园到12年级——在学校里不能无限制地使用互联网，看电影或听音乐，”贾斯蒂斯说。
[01:19.55]"But somehow these books with these horribly explicit, graphic content are finding their way onto bookshelves in public schools all over America."
"但不知何故，这些内容露骨、画面骇人的书籍却出现在全美公立学校的书架上"。
[01:31.75]Gay Ivey is a professor of literacy at University of North Carolina-Greensboro.
盖伊·艾维是北卡罗来纳大学格林斯伯勒分校一名研究读写能力的教授。
[01:38.75]She and her research partner Peter Johnston from the University of Albany have studied students' motivations to read.
她和她的研究伙伴，来自纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校的彼得·约翰斯顿，研究了学生阅读的动机。
[01:48.10]They also have studied how students react to reading young adult literature.
他们还研究了学生对阅读青少年文学的反应。
[01:53.80]Ivey said school boards and policymakers do not agree about the purpose of reading in school.
艾维说，学校董事会和政策制定者对在学校阅读的目的这一问题观点不同。
[02:02.27]Ivey and Johnston said they found that reading books considered "disturbing" by students was beneficial for their learning and emotional development.
艾维和约翰斯顿表示，他们发现阅读“令人不安的”书籍对学生的学习和情感发展有益。
[02:13.42]The two said parents also noticed a growth in their children after they read the disturbing books.
他们说，家长们也注意到孩子在阅读了这些令人不安的书籍后有所成长。
[02:21.55]In one of Ivey and Johnston's studies, they spent a year in a middle school in an eastern town.
在艾维和约翰斯顿的一项研究中，他们在东部某小镇的一所中学里度过了一年。
[02:29.80]They asked eighth grade students in an English class to choose any book they wanted to read.
他们要求一节英语课上的八年级学生选择他们想读的任何一本书。
[02:37.25]The teens read the books during class time.
青少年们在课堂时间阅读这些书。
[02:40.87]They were not under any pressure from teachers to finish the book or to produce any schoolwork about the book.
他们没有受到任何来自老师的压力，要求读完书籍或做任何关于书籍的作业。
[02:48.85]The researchers later spoke to 71 of the students about their experiences reading the books they chose.
研究人员后来与71名学生讨论了他们阅读所选书籍的经历。
[02:56.75]They also spoke to their parents and teachers.
研究人员也与他们的家长和老师进行了交谈。
[03:01.07]Many of the students chose to read books that deal with difficult subjects like depression, suicide, illegal drug use, or sexual exploitation.
许多学生选择阅读涉及抑郁症、自杀、非法使用毒品或性剥削等棘手问题的书籍。
[03:12.35]Some of the books students chose were ones that schools around the country have banned.
一些学生选择的书籍是全国各地学校已经禁止阅读的。
[03:18.85]These books included Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher, Identical by Ellen Hopkins and Sold by Patricia McCormick.
这些书包括杰伊·阿舍的《十三个原因》，艾伦·霍普金斯的《相同》（Identical）和帕特里夏·麦考密克的《被卖》（Sold）。
[03:29.50]Ivey told VOA that students are drawn to books that deal with troubling subjects.
艾维告诉美国之音，学生们被那些讨论令人不安的话题的书籍所吸引。
[03:36.07]Instead of being harmed by such subjects, reading about fictional characters made them more empathetic, she said.
她说，阅读关于虚构人物的书籍不仅没有伤害他们，反而使他们变得更有同情心。
[03:44.10]Ivey said they also were more thoughtful about the characters' motivations and actions.
艾维说，他们对人物的动机和行为也会有更深刻的思考。
[03:50.80]The researchers found that reading made the students happier, and helped some heal from sadness or depression.
研究人员发现，阅读使学生更加快乐，并帮助一些人从悲伤或抑郁中恢复过来。
[03:59.10]The difficult nature of the books made the students more likely to discuss the subjects with teachers, parents and friends.
因为这些书籍令人不安的性质，让学生们更有可能与老师、家长和朋友讨论这些话题。
[04:09.05]The students in the study read books "that kind of throw you off-kilter that make you want to talk to somebody else," Ivey said.
该研究中学生们阅读的书籍“会让他们受到冲击，感到茫然，让他们想要和别人谈谈，”艾维说。
[04:17.20]"The social interaction around it was really important, including talking to parents and teachers."
“围绕阅读这些书籍的社会互动真的很重要，包括与父母和老师交谈。”
[04:25.67]The subjects covered in the books may make both kids and adults uncomfortable.
书中涉及的话题可能会让孩子们和大人都感到不舒服。
[04:31.70]But Ivey said she and Johnston "came to realize that what really matters is the meaning that the kids make out of the books, not adults' meanings that they make.
但艾维说，她和约翰斯顿“逐渐意识到，真正重要的是孩子们自己从书中获得的意义，而不是大人理解的意义。
[04:43.47]Which are often times really off-base."
大人的理解往往是错误的。”
[04:47.92]Ivey said reading texts with difficult and troubling subject matter makes students more involved readers and learners.
艾维说，阅读涉及棘手和令人不安的话题的文本使学生们成为更投入的读者和学习者。
[04:56.67]Students are able to relate to characters facing difficult decisions and think about how they would react to a situation described in the book.
学生们能够与面临困难抉择的角色产生共鸣，并思考他们会如何对书中描述的情况作出反应。
[05:07.72]Ivey and Johnston interviewed one teacher who said books that dealt with drugs, sex, and other issues made it easier to discuss those subjects in class.
艾维和约翰斯顿采访了一位老师，这位老师说，涉及毒品、性和其他问题的书籍使得他们更容易在课堂上讨论这些话题。
[05:19.65]Discussions about books, "made it a safe way to kind of get into these things," the teacher said.
对书籍进行讨论，“提供了一种安全的方式来接触这些话题，”老师说。
[05:27.22]Reading disturbing books also made students more likely to learn as a group, the researchers said.
研究人员说，阅读令人不安的书籍也使学生更有可能开展团队学习。
[05:34.52]With the troubling texts, sometimes it is "really necessary to grab everybody around you and put all heads around it and teach each other," Ivey said.
艾维说，面对这些令人不安的文本，有时“真的需要把你周围的每个人都召集起来，大家齐心协力，互相教学。”
[05:45.10]"More and different kinds of learning happens in those situations."
“在这些情况下会有更多的和不同种类的学习。”
[05:50.47]I'm Dan Novak.
丹·诺瓦克为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
