很多同学抱怨英语四级考试后半部分时间太紧,经常会出现还有两篇或一篇英语四级阅读没做的时候就只剩下5分钟了!由于英语四级阅读分值非常大,很容易让人立刻崩溃。如果考场上出现这种情况,千万不要慌张!冷静的使用下面介绍的死亡拯救法,可将正确率提高至50%以上!
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阅读理解题答案项特征
通过研究历届四、六级阅读理解题,我们发现,在所列出的四个选项中,也有一些普遍性规律可循。如果考生了解、熟悉并掌握了这些规律,他(她)们 就可以找到做题时的"第六感觉",达到所谓超常发挥的水平。如果考生来不及看文章,万般无奈下凭这些规律可以选中不少正确选项。
(一)答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项。这些语气词有: must, always, never, themost, all, only, have to, any, no, very completely, none, hardly等。
例(1) One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _____ 。(1995年6月六级题22)
A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant。
B. people's traditional concepts about work no longer hold true。
C. most people have to take part-time jobs。
D. people have to change their jobs from time to time。
(分析:四个选项中,C、D两项中都含有"have to",语气太绝对化,一般被排除。考生在剩下两项中进行选择,就大大降低了难度。)
(二)选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项。这些语气词有: can, could, may, should, usually, might, most(大多数),more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, notnecessarily 等。
例(1) It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes _____ 。(1999年6月四级题30)
A. Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries
B. in many countries success often depends on one's social status
C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries
D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America
(分析:选项B中often 一词,语气委婉,不十分肯定,故为答案。而其它三项中所表达出的语气都明显绝对化。)
(三)选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案项,而同义替换的一般是选项。
例(1) According to Dr. David, Americans _____ 。(1993年6月六级题32)
A. are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life
B. often neglect the unsequences of sleep deficit
C. do not know how to relax themselves properly
D. can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep
(分析:答案项中A、D两项基本上是原文中句子的原现,故被排除。B项中有often 一词,语气委婉,不十肯定,故为答案。)
(四)较全面、有针对性地表达文章中心思想的,选项一般是答案项。
例(1) which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? (1996年1月六级题25)
A. Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced bycomputers。
B. Music can't be passed on to future generations unless it's recorded。
C. Folk songs can't be spread for unless they are printed on music sheet。
D. the development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspect。
(分析:根据短文内容可以看出,A、B、C三项的内容都只是从某一个方面阐述了一种观点,而D项句子所表达的意思就较全面,高度囊括了全篇短文 的主旨。)
(五)选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的(字面意思)一般不是答案项,而概括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的是答案项。
例(1) The population in the 21st century _____ , according to the writer 。
A. will be smaller than a few years ago
B. will not be as small as people expect
C. will prove to be a threat to the world
D. will not constitute as serious a problem as expected
(分析:选项A、B中都有small一词,该词在文中出现过,因而总觉肤浅,是字面之意。C项明显与文章不符,而D项表达的意义比small要 深刻得多。)
(六)选项中较符合常识的,易明白的一般不是选项;而似乎不太合理,一时较难理解的往往是正确选项。
例(1) Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _____ 。(1999年1月四级题31)
A. stressing their high quality
B. unlinking him of their low price
C. maintaining a balance between quality and price
D. appealing to his buying motives
(分析:题干问的是"广告会通过什么办法能劝说顾客买那些没用的产品?"A项意思是通过强调质量,B项意思是使顾客意识到其产品价格低,C项意 思是既考虑到质量又考虑到价格。这三项所表达的意思都是我们在看广告时能感受到的,生活中天天见到。故这样的选项一般不是答案。而D项意思是迎合了顾客购 物心理,乍一看还不太明白,不好理解。而这样的选项往往是正确答案。)
例(2) Raising children, in the author's opinion, is . (1998年6月四级题32)
A. a moral duty
B. a thankless job
C. a rewarding task
D. a source of inevitable pain
(分析:题目问的是,"依作者观点,抚养孩子是 "。 依据我们日常生活所闻所见,抚养孩子就是A. "一种道德责任" B."不求回报的工作"。我们都觉得抚养孩子是人生义务,是天经地义的。这两项太熟悉了,因而一般不是答案。而C项"求回报的事",似乎不太合人情味、合 乎常识。但这样的选项就是答案。D项有inevitable 一词,语气太绝对化,故排除掉。此外,在作者态度题中,象中立态度(neutral)一般不是选项。在四个选项中,忽然有一个选项特别长或特别短,则此选 项往往是正确选项。在两个选项中,如果除个别字外,其他部分完全一样,其中往往有一个是正确选项。"None of the above"往往是用作干扰项。)
n. 威胁,凶兆
vt. 威胁, 恐吓