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n. 人口 ，(全体)居民，人数
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46. H)由题干定位到第六个小标题下，指出：From the “Macrocosm...or “Planetary Alignment”，to the “Microcosm”，or “Atomic Frequency...the cesium now maintains accuracy with a degree of error to about one millionth of a second per year。由此可见随着技术的发展，原子钟已经可以达到一年 误差大约一百万分之一秒。与题干相符，因此选H。
47. I)由题〒定位到 I 段，指出：The only thing that should be remembered during all this technological development is that we should never lose the ability to tell the time approximately by natural means and the powers of deduction without requiring crutches to lean on。无论计时技术如 何发展，我们不能失去通过自然手段来判定大概时间的基本能力。与题干相符，因此选I。
48. D)由题干定位到第四个小标题下，指出Water clocks were among the earliest time-keeping devices that didn’t use the observation of the celestial bodies to calculate the passage of time。可见 水钟不是借助观察天体来测量时间的最早的计时器之一。与题干相符，因此选D。
49. E)由题干定位到第五个小标题下，指出：In 1656,Christian Huygens (Dutch scientist)，made the first “Pendulum clock”. “Galileo Galilei” is credited, in most historical books，for inventing the pendulum as early as 1582,but his design was not built before his death。从这里可以看出，大多数 历史教科书认为伽利略是第一位早在1582年就设计出摆钟的人，但直到他去世也没有制作出摆 钟。第一个摆钟是荷兰科学家Christian Huygens制作出来的。与题干相符，因此选E。
50. A)由题干定位到 A 段，指出：At best, historians know that 5，000 ～6，000 years ago, great civilizations in the Middle East and North Africa started to examine forms of clock-making instead of working with only the monthly and annual calendar... ,but it has been suggested that the intention was to maximize time available to achieve more as the size of the population grew。中东和北非的一 些民族在五六千年前就开始研制钟表了。随着人口的增长。钟表的研制是为了最大程度地利用 时间，与题干相符，因此选A。
51. C)由题干定位到第三个小标题下，指出：Another ancient Egyptian “shadow clock” or “sundial” has been discovered to have been in use around 1，500 BC，which allowed the measuring of the passage of “hours”. The sections were divided into ten parts, with two “twilight hours” indicated, occurring in the morning and the evening. For it to work successfully then at midday or noon, the device had to be turned 180 degrees to measure the afternoon hours。在段落一开始，就指出古埃及 人使用的计时装置为shadow clock or sundial，影钟或日晷。
52. D)由 Water Clocks 这部分第三句 Most of these clocks were used to determine the hours of the night, but may have also been used during daylight可见水钟主要用于夜间计时与题干相符，因此 选D
53. E)由题干定位到第五个小标题下，指出..Huygens clock, when built, had an error of less than only one minute a day. This was a massive leap in the development of maintaining accuracy, as this had previously never been achieved这个钟的误差每天不到一分钟。与题干相符，因此选E。
54. F)由题干定位到第六个小标题下，指出：Quartz clocks continue to dominate the market because of the accuracy and reliability of the performance, also being inexpensive to produce on mass scale 石英钟之所以一直在市场中占主导地位是因为其走时准确，性能可靠，并且价格低廉便于大规模 生产。与题干相符，因此选F。
55. H)由题矛定位到第八个小标题下，指出：Transportation financial markets, communication, manufacturing, electric power and many other technologies have become dependent on super-accurate clocks. Scientific research and the demands of modem technology continue to drive our search for ever more accuracy.正是科学研究和现代技术的要求驱使我们不断探寻日益精确的计 时方法。与题干相符，因此选H。
| 重点单词 | 查看全部解释 | |||
| population | [.pɔpju'leiʃən] | 联想记忆 | ||
| interaction | [.intə'rækʃən] | 联想记忆 | ||
| scale | [skeil] | |||
| indicate | ['indikeit] | 联想记忆 | ||
| communication | [kə.mju:ni'keiʃn] | |||
| characteristic | [.kæriktə'ristik] | |||
| container | [kən'teinə] | |||
| dominate | ['dɔmineit] | |||
| approximately | [ə'prɔksimitli] | |||
| benefit | ['benifit] | 联想记忆 |
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