Exercise
　　Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim.
　　Rich bodies were carefully wrapped in yards of cloth, leaving diamond-shaped spaces which were decorated with precious stones and pieces of gold.
　　He merely swallows this theory because there is something about that appeals to the twentieth-century mentality.
　　要点:主句为" I applied"."Being...and wanting..."为分句短语作原因状语,"fearing"为分词作伴随状语.that引导的从句为"fearing"的宾语从句.
　　译文:我因为手头很拮据,同时也想干点有用的事,于是便提出了申请,但是提出申请时我也担心:自己一无学位二无教学经验,得到这份工作的可能性是微乎其微的.
　　要点:分词短语"leaving diamond-shaped spaces..."在句子中作补充说明状语.定语从句"which were decorated with precious stones and pieces of gold" 修饰"space".
　　译文:富有人的尸体用成匹的布料细心地包裹起来,留出一块钻石形状的空间用宝石及碎金将其装饰好.
　　要点:本句中because引导的是原因状语从句.省略了主语that/which的定语从句"appeals to..."修饰something. "there be +n..."结构是一种表达法.
　　译文:他丝毫不加怀疑地接受这一理论,只是因为这一理论中有一种迎合20世纪的精神力量.

　　Excrise
　　Someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more congnitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.
　　When building space on the ground becomes scarce use must be made of the space in the air.
　　When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase.
　　要点：句首的someone后有介词短语with a history of doing more rather than less 对其进行修饰。第二个someone后有一个定语从句who has not had an active mind对其进行修饰。“sound”在此句中的意思为“健康，健全”。
　　译文:经常积极思考的人进入老年后,比不积极思考的人在认知方面更加健康.
　　要点：主句的谓语use must be made of the space in the air.是被动语态。在英语中“动词+名词+介词”类的短语将主动语态改为被动语态有两种改法。一种是将词组中的名词上升为主语;另一种是将介词后面的宾语升为主语。
　　举例：主语态：They take care of the babies.
　　被动态1 Care of the babies are taken by them.
　　被动态2The babies are taken care by them.
　　在本句中是采用了第一种做法，全句的主动语态为We must take use of the space in the air.
　　译文：当地面的建筑空间变得紧张时，我们必须在空中拓展空间。
　　要点：when引导时间状语从句，直到逗号为止。"an　item"后有定语从句"she or he bought "对其修饰，" in some way "意为在某一方面，"live up to"意为达到。。。标准。
　　译文：消费者一旦发现所购商品有缺陷或者在某一方面不能达到生产厂家宣称的标准，应采取的第一步是向购物商店出示保单或其他有效的证据。