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Photographs that changed the world
改变世界的照片
Photography can be powerful because it both records and represents the world at the same time. It can turn the world into images and symbols of something better or worse; it can take us to places and show us things we never imagined existed before. Great photographs challenge our perceptions of the world and force us to reconsider how we see things. These four photographs stopped the world in their own way and made people hold their breaths for a few seconds as they began to take it all in.
摄影之所以强大，是因为它可以同时记录和代表世界。它可以把世界转化成比其本身更好或更坏的形象和符号；它可以带我们去很多地方，展示我们之前从未想象过的存在着的东西。伟大的照片挑战了我们对世界的看法，并迫使我们重新考虑看待事物的方式。这四张照片以自己的方式使世界停滞，让人们屏息几秒钟，然后开始领会其内涵。
The photograph that raised the stakes
一张增加了新闻摄影风险的照片
"If your pictures aren't good enough," war photographer Robert Capa used to say, "you aren't close enough." Words to die by, yes, but the man knew of what he spoke. After all, his best shots were taken on the morning of June 6, 1944 when he landed alongside the first waves of infantry at Omaha Beach. Caught under heavy fire, Capa dove for what little cover he could find, then shot all the film in his camera, and got out just barely.
战地摄影记者罗伯特·卡帕说过一句名言：“如果你的照片拍得不够好，那是因为你离炮火不够近。”说这种话，不是去送死吗？没错，不过他清楚自己在说什么。毕竟，他最令人难忘的那组镜头就是在诺曼底登陆日（1944年6月6日）的早晨拍摄下来的，当时，他与第一批步兵一起登陆奥马哈海滩。在猛烈的炮火中，卡帕好不容易找到一个小掩体，一头扎过去，等拍完了相机里的全部胶卷才出来，险些把命丢了。
He escaped with his life, but not much else. Of the four rolls of film Capa took of the horrific D-Day battle, all but 11 exposures were ruined by a lab assistant, who melted the film in his rush to develop it.
他死里逃生，捡回了一条命，但除了那条命，带回来的其他东西并不多。关于那场可怕的诺曼底登陆战役，卡帕一共拍了四卷胶卷，但除了11张外，余下的全部被一个过于心急的助手给毁了——他手忙脚乱地冲洗胶卷，结果把胶卷融化了。
Unexpectedly, however, that same mistake gave the few surviving exposures their famously surreal look. More than 50 years later, director Steven Spielberg would go to great lengths to reproduce the look of that error for his D-Day landing sequence in his movie Saving Private Ryan.
但出乎意料的是，同样的错误使仅存的几张照片具有了超现实的外观。50多年后，导演史蒂芬·斯皮尔伯格在拍摄《拯救大兵瑞恩》时，还不遗余力地再现这一“错误”所导致的视觉效果。
