Disadvantages
经济: money-consuming for smokers
生理: be addictive to it,
harmful to smokers’ health, leading to lung cancer
环境: air pollution
potential hazard of fire
空间: passive smoking / second-hand smoking
情感: be overly-dependent on smoking
用了上述办法,扩展出来的论据就能更加全面,有条理。 下面我们再列举一个题目,来做 brainstorming 。
Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism?
通过审题,此题无非就是我们 21 世纪是利大于弊还是弊大于利,所以只要列举 21 世纪发展的优缺点就可以了。我将通过之前介绍的十二大法则来进行素材的扩展。
Advantages:
经济: economy be promoted, efficiency be increased
科技: advanced technology facilitates people ’ s life
时间: time-saving when conducting various kinds of activities
个人权利: human rights be laid more emphasis on
心理: increasing number of recreational activities to help people relieve from pressure
Disadvantages:
就业: growing population,
fierce competition
心理: pressure coming from a range of aspects
环境: environmental pollution continuing getting worse
以上两个题目都运用了十二大原则,可见其具有很强的适用性,能够帮助考生在短时间内扩展话题的素材,且较全面。在长期的使用中, 朗阁 RAFLE 专家发现,在这十二大原则中,有些原则基本可以在几个相近话题的题目中运用,因此我们可以给它们起个名字“万能原则”,如经济和就业原则,则可以应用在只要是牵涉到“工业”的话题,如 smoking , tourism , mobile phones , computers , writing letters ( post office )等等。老师和学生们都可以在平时的使用中做一个总结,使十二大法则能信手拈来。 但是,朗阁雅思专家要提醒大家的是,仅仅记住这些原则是没用的,考生在考前一定要进行大量的练习,而老师也要在课堂上选取典型的例题进行讲解,这样对考生加快 Brainstorming 的速度和提高 Brainstorming 的能力才有帮助。