No.6 Some people believe thatnational sports teams and individual athletes who represent their countryshould be financially supported by the government. Some people think that theyshould be funded by non-government groups (e.g. Business, sponsorship.) What isyour opinion? 运动员是应该被政府还是被其他非政府机构赞助?
话题解析
由私人企业赞助的缺点
1) 私人企业根据运动员的表现和盈利能力(based on the performance and profit-earning capacity in terms ofreturns on investment ),导致体育发展的不均衡(unbalanceddevelopment of sports);
2) 私人企业组织比赛目的是娱乐大众(organize competitions to entertain the public)和吸引观众付费(attract fee-paying spectators),将观赏性体育(spectatorsport)商业化(commercialize sports);
3) 私人企业以获利为目的(runfor profit),不顾运动员的安全(disregard the safety of athlets),运动员比赛过分密集,训练强度过大(over-training)
由私人企业赞助的优点
1) 体育事业可以有更好的发展,企业可以同时提高自己的知名度(boost or drive their images),打响品牌名(createbrand name awareness),加强和改善自己在公众心理的形象(reinforce ormodify its image in the public eye),实现双赢
2) 私人机构管理比较有效,避免体育机构滥用国家下拨的体育专项经费为自己谋取利益(some sports organizations may misuse the money allotted fortheir own benefit)
3) 私人可以赞助组织多场比赛,提高运动员的实战技术和水平,增加在国际比赛上的露面机会(international exposure)
4) 运动员容易受伤(susceptibleto injuries),有了私人企业的赞助,运动员可以获得更多的利益(gain more profit),这样会为他们在经济上提供一些保障(guarantee a comfortable retirement)
更多扩展
盈利能力profitability
露面机会exposureopportunity
不均衡发展unbalanceddevelopment
滥用资金misusecapital
谋取利益gainprofit
No.7 It is importantthat towns and cities are attractive so money should spend on works of art (likepaintings and statues) in public places. To what extent do you agree ordisagree? 政府是否应投资艺术来提升城市吸引力?
话题解析
同意
把钱花在艺术作品上是有一定的合理性的,它对于加强人文素养、提升一个地区展品的层次是非常有益的。Spending money on works of art in public places has its ownrationality, which is conducive to adding a humanistic flavor and improving thedisplay of a region.
不同意
1) 城市丰富的教育资源和工作机会是大部分人涌向城市的原因。提升城市的魅力也可以通过增加就业机会和学习机会的方式来实现。The affluent educational resources and job opportunities in townsare what drive most people from other regions. To invest in increasingemployment and learning opportunities is another way to gain charm.
2) 把资金投入改善住房条件也能提升城市的吸引力。Injecting funds in improving housing conditions can pull upthe glamour index of metropolises and towns.
更多扩展
有助于 be conducive to something
人文素养humanistic flavor
丰富的教育资源 the affluent educational resources
就业机会job opportunities
魅力指数glamour index
No.8 Research shows thatovereating can be just as harmful as smoking. Thus the advertising of certainfood products should be banned, as cigar is banned in many countries. To whatextent do you agree or disagree? 研究表明进食过量和吸烟一样有害,所以部分食物的广告应该被禁止。你是否同意这个看法?
话题解析
应该禁止广告
一些常见的视频广告的视频都是不健康的,比如肯德基和麦当劳。经常看到这样的广告的人们更有可能会吃比实际需要的食物,尤其是没有自制能力的小孩 (children who do not have self-restraint)
不应该禁止广告
但是仅仅是禁止某些广告并不会完全杜绝过度饮食 (overeating)。本地的快餐店和超市也要为这个不健康的饮食习惯负责。本地的市场很难买到新鲜水果和蔬菜,也使得人们会吃更多的垃圾食品和熟食 (processed food),因为他们更加方便。
更多扩展
自制力 self-control; self-restraint
过度饮食overeating
肥胖 obesity
垃圾食品 junkfood
熟食 processedfood
反式脂肪trans-fat
No.9 More and more people are working at home ratherthan in the workplaces. Some people say this will bring benefits to the workersand their families, but other think it will bring stress to them. Discuss bothviews and give your own opinion.一些人认为远程办公对员工和其家人都有好处,其他人认为这会给他们带来压力,讨论双方观点并给出自己的观点。
话题解析
在家办公
1) telecommuting 可以节省经济成本(cost efficient),对于雇主而言,可以节省大量的行政费用(administrative fees),日常开支(overhead)和设备的维修费用(maintenance fees),尤其在公司发展不明朗或经济环境不景气(economicrecession)的时候,削减开支是公司的重中之重(top priority)。
2) 在家办公节约时间(time saving),节省在路上上下班的时间(cut the time spent on commuting),尤其是高峰时刻(rush hour),遇到堵车(traffic block)的时候,在家办公可以大大缩短交通时间,从而提高员工效率 (enhance working efficiency)。
3),在家办公可以尊重员工的个人隐私(satisfy privacy),员工可以选择穿睡袍(wear pajamas)以及自己认为效率最高(highly efficient)的时候工作,而不用每天按时打卡 (clock in ontime),穿制服(wear uniform).
办公室办公
1)增加员工的凝聚力(increase cohesion),促进人际交往能力(boost interpersonal skills)。
2)有利于雇主监控员工的工作状态(scrutinize theemployees’ working progress)。
更多扩展
在家办公telecommuting
节约费用cost effective
节约时间time saving
交通堵塞traffic block/congestion/jam
尊重隐私value privacy
员工士气morality
No.10 More people are usingmobile phones and computers to communicate. Therefore people are losing theability to communicate with each other face to face. Agree or disagree? 越来越多人使用手机和电脑交流,因此人们在失去面对面交流的能力。你同意这个看法吗?
话题解析
不同意
手机和电脑给人们提供先进的沟通方式,和面对面(face-to-face)交流类似,因为人们可以通过在线视频对话(video-chatting)的方式进行沟通。另外,手机和电脑给人们带来大量的最新信息(up-to-date information),促进了面对面沟通。与过去的人相对比,现代的人能够通过这种渠道更快更全面的获取信息,从而更加多的沟通。
同意
过度使用会导致沉溺于虚拟世界(virtual world), 因此而导致交流障碍(communicationdisorder)
更多扩展
社交网络 social networking websites
相互交流,互动 interact with
虚拟现实 virtual reality
通讯设备communications equipment