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通过对历年试题的分析可以看出，单纯考查语法知识题的比重并不是很大，这是要体现《大纲》注重考查考生的英语交际能力，鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习的测试导向。但这并不意味着对考生语法掌握程度的要求降低了，因为只有对语法知识有较好的掌握，才能在实际的语言运用环境中，识别各种语法现象，对文章进行理解并做出正确的判断。下面就重点语法内容加以总结，供考生参考。
1. 主谓一致关系
主谓一致(Subject?Verb Agreement)指谓语动词要与主语的中心词语在"人称"和"数"的方面保持一致。这是在解题过程中需要时刻注意的。解答这类问题的关键是要找准主语的中心词语。
Example 1
The novels of John Cheever to a literary tradition that is concerned primarily with manners.
[A] belongs [B]belong [C]is belonged [D]are belonged
belong是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，首先排除C和D。本句的中心主语是the novels(复数)，所以此题的正确选项是B。
2. 虚拟语气
在英语中，由于说话人的意图不同，动词的表现形式也随之不同，这就需要用不同的"语气"来表达。英语中有三种语气：
（1）陈述语气(the Indicative Mood)用来陈述事实。如：
The teacher is very popular with his students.
(2)祈使语气(the Imperative Mood)提出请求、命令等。如：
Please open the door.
(3)虚拟语气(the Subjunctive Mood)表达主观愿望和假设的情况。如：
If I were you, I would throw it away.
所谓虚拟，简单地说，就是真实情况并非如此。由于虚拟语气历来是英语学习中的一个难点，尤其是它还有一些特殊形式和用法，所以也可能成为考点。
Example 2
Had they examined the question over a much longer period, 1 over the whole life cycle, they 2 reached a different conclusion.
1. *[A] particularly [B] exclusively [C] preferably [D] precisely
2. [A] must have [B] will have [C] may have [D] would have
首先根据"Had they examined the question..."得出这是一个省略if的虚拟条件句。在表示过去情况的虚拟条件句中，从句中的谓语用had+过去分词，主句中的谓语用would have + 过去分词。所以，第2题应该选择D。
3. 非限定性动词
非限定性动词是动词的非谓语形式，主要指不定式(the Infinitive)、分词(the Participle)和动名词(the Gerund)。非限定性动词的使用功能多样，且容易混淆，所以它们历来是各种英语考试中的重点。
Example 3
We did make our comforts and discomforts 1 , but basically others 2 our experiences to us. We were virtually helpless and 3 the mercy of others, usually our parents.
As we grew older, increased intellectual development resulted in increased behavioral options' 4 available to us.
1? [A]knowing [B]known [C]know [D]to know
2? [A]distributed *[B]dictated [C]allocated [D]ordered
3? [A]with [B]in *[C]at [D]on
4? [A]became [B]become [C]becoming [D]to become
第1题中make在作为表示"致使"意义的动词时，其后的动词及其逻辑主语是被动关系,所以跟在其后的动词要用过去分词形式，如He was trying to make himself understood.所以此题应选B。
第4题考查动名词的用法。根据上文，resulted in后面应是一个名词、名词词组或相当于名词的成分。只有选项C能构成一个前面带有名词词组所有格的动名词结构，这里的increased behavioral options是become在逻辑上的主语。所以此题应选C。
Example 4
There was a big drop during the sunspot years of 1986 and 1987, and the number of people
1 from diseases caused by a lymphocyte deficiency 2 doubled during the tremendous solar explosion of February 1986.
1?[A]suffered [B]suffer [C]suffering [D]to suffer
第1题考查了现在分词做定语的知识。在and连接的后一并列从句中， 1 from diseases caused by a lymphocyte deficiency 2 这个成分是修饰限定主语the number of people，起定语作用的。在四个选项中虽然选项A、C、D都有做定语的功能，然而从上下文的语意以及三个选项各自表示的时态、语态功能来判断，the number of people是suffer的逻辑主语，是动作suffer的发动者，所以此题选C项suffering最合适。
Example 5
Experts speculate that hardships might prompt some Russian scientists their know-how on the black market.
[A]to sell [B]to selling [C]sell [D]sold to
此题应选A。prompt后接不定式构成prompt to do sth.。
