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Down to the Countryside Movement
The Down to the Countryside Movement (literally "Up to the mountains and down to the villages") was a policy instituted in the People's Republic of China in the late 1960s and early 1970s.
As a result of the anti-bourgeois thinking prevalent during the Cultural Revolution, Mao Zedong declared certain privileged urban youth would be sent to mountainous areas or farming villages, in order that they could learn from the workers and farmers there.
Essentially, Mao used the "up to the mountains and down to the villages" to quell unrest and remove the embarrassment of the early Cultural Revolution from sight.
As a result, many fresh high school graduates were forced out of the cities and effectively exiled to remote areas of China.
1.特赦 special pardon; special amnesty
【例】The prisoners were set at liberty by the special amnesty of the President.
总统特赦了一批罪犯。
2.战犯 war criminal
【例】Many war criminals were proceeded against following World War II.
第二次世界大战后许多战犯被提起公诉。
3.大字报 （拼音直译）Dazibao;（字号大的海报）big-character poster；
【例】We all remember that in 1980, after the defeat of the Gang of Four, the National People's Congress adopted a resolution to delete from the Constitution the provision concerning the right of citizens to "speak out freely, air their views fully, hold great debates and put up big-character posters".
大家可以回想一下，粉碎“四人帮”以后，全国人大在一九八○年通过一个议案，取消宪法中的关于“大鸣、大放、大辩论、大字报”这一条。
4.三年自然灾害 （三年自然灾害）Three Years of Natural Disasters （中国大饥荒）Great Chinese Famine
5.文化大革命 （无产阶级文化大革命） the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution; the Great Cultural Revolution
【例】The "Cultural Revolution" was really a gross error.
“文化大革命”的确是一个大错误。
