五.动词加动名词

下面我们学习动词加上动名词的用法. 在上一课里, 我们学过一个英文句子里 如果有两个动词都是说明同一个主语的时候必须在两个动词之间加上 to, 比 方 I want to study 等等. 不过有些动词例外, 比方 "延迟" postpone, "考虑" consider, "停止" quit, "后悔" regret,"恢复" resume 等等. 要在这些动词后面再 加一个动词的时候必须把第二个动词改成动名词, 比方 consider going, quit smoking, resume studying 等等.

现在我们作一组练习学学这种词组. 练习的内容都是跟学校有关系的, 比方学 校当局延迟提高学费, 教师工会后悔组织罢工等等.练习的作法是老师提出一 个问题,你就作肯定的答覆. 比方老师说: Did the professors regret organizing a strike? 你就回答说: Yes, they regretted organizing a strike. 现在我们开始作练 习, 每作完一句就请你听老师念正确答案.

M: Did the administration postpone raising tuition?

F: Yes, it postponed raising tuition.

M: Did the administration postpone cutting salaries?

F: Yes, it postponed cutting salaries.

M: Did the administration consider improving school facilitis?

F: Yes, it considered improving school facilities.

M: Did the administration consider updating teaching equipment?

F: Yes, it considered updating teaching equipment.

M: Has the administration quit negotiating with the teachers' union?

F: Yes, it has quit negotiating with the teachers' union.

M: Has the administration quit bargaining with the teachers' union?

F: Yes, it has quit bargaining with the teachers' union.

M: Did the professors regret organizing a strike?

F: Yes, they regretted organizing a strike.

M: Did the professors regret missing classes?

F: Yes, they regretted missing classes.

M: Have the professors resumed teaching yet?

F: Yes, they have resumed teaching.

M: Have the students resumed attending classes yet?

F: Yes, they have resumed attending classes.

六.听短文回答问题

现在我请英文老师念一篇介绍美国研究院的文章. 这篇文章谈到美国学生为 什么要念研究院.

现在请你注意听, 等一会儿, 我们要根据文章问你几个问题.

Most American university students study for four years or more to get a college degree.

During this time, they are called undergraduate students. When a student completes his courses, he earns a bachelor degree which will help him find a job. Many students postpone finding jobs. They stay at the university and work for a higher degree. Other studens take a job for a few years. Then they quit working, and they resume studying at the university. These students work to earn higher degrees; a master's or a doctorate.

They are called graduate students.

Graduate students specialize in a particular field of study. They study to become experts in this field and to learn new advances in their fields while they earn an M.A. or Ph.D.

Sometimes when they get an M. A. in one field they begin studying another field.

They hope that when they earn their graduate degrees they will succeed in finding important jobs. They hope to get jobs that are interesting and high paying.

The life of a graduate student is often difficult. They are usually too busy studying to make a good living. Often they have to pay high tuition fees for their education. Some give up studying before they get their degrees. But most keep on working at their studies until they graduate.

In today's world, most graduate students don't regret spending time with their studies.

They are finding that things are changing very fast. New developments are occurring in all fields. For many graduate study has become a necessity.

现在老师先把等一会儿要问你的问题念一遍给你听.

第一个问题是:

M: What degrees do graduate students work to earn?

第二个问题是:

M: Why do people go to graduate school?

第三个问题是:

M: Why has graduate study become necessary for many people nowadays?

现在我请英文老师再把整篇文章用慢速度念一遍给你听.

Most American university students study for four years or more to get a college degree.

During this time, they are called undergraduate students. When a student completes his courses, he earns a bachelor degree which will help him find a job. Many students postpone finding jobs. They stay at the university and work for a higher degree. Other studens take a job for a few years. Then they quit working, and they resume studying at the university. These students work to earn higher degrees; a master's or a doctorate.

They are called graduate students.

Graduate students specialize in a particular field of study. They study to become experts in this field and to learn new advances in their fields while they earn an M.A. or Ph.D.

Sometimes when they get an M. A. in one field they begin studying another field.

They hope that when they earn their graduate degrees they will succeed in finding important jobs. They hope to get jobs that are interesting and high paying.

The life of a graduate student is often difficult. They are usually too busy studying to make a good living. Often they have to pay high tuition fees for their education. Some give up studying before they get their degrees. But most keep on working at their studies until they graduate.

In today's world, most graduate students don't regret spending time with their studies.

They are finding that things are changing very fast. New developments are occurring in all fields. For many graduate study has become a necessity.

现在请你回答下面三个问题. 回答之后, 老师会念正确答案给你听.

第一个问题是:

M: What degree do graduate students work to earn?

F: They work to earn a master's or a doctorate.

第二个问题是:

M: Why do people go to graduate school?

F: They hope to find important interesting and high paying jobs with their degrees.

第三个问题是:

M: Why has graduate study become necessary for many people nowadays?

F: It is necessary because of changes and new developments in all fields.