Lesson 3 Volcanoes
火山
一、词汇部分

1.volcano /vɑːlˈkeɪ.noʊ/ n.火山
扩展：来自神话故事Volcan

2.active/ˈæk.tɪv/ adj. 活动的
扩展：action 行动

Kivu n. 基伍湖
Congo n. 刚果
Kituro n. 基图罗

3.erupt/ɪˈrʌpt/ v. （火山）喷发
词汇助记：e 向外（ex） + rupt断裂(rupture 断裂)

4.violently/ˈvaɪə.lənt.li/ adv. 猛烈地，剧烈地
扩展：violent adj.暴力的；violence 暴力

5.manage/ˈmæn.ədʒ/ v. 设法
搭配：manage to do something 成功做某事
搭配：try to do something/try doing something 努力做某事

6.brilliant/ˈbrɪl.jənt/ adj. 精彩的
表达：That’s brilliant 太赞了！

7.liquid/ˈlɪk.wɪd/ adj. 液态的
8.escape/ɪˈskeɪp/ v. 逃脱
词汇助记：es(ex)向外＋ cape斗篷

9.alive/əˈlaɪv/ adj. 活着的

文章讲解

HarounTazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world. In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro. Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently. Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long. He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time. He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures. Tazieff has often risked his life in this way. He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.


文章精讲：

1.HarounTazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime studying active volcanoes and deep caves in all parts of the world. In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.

1）知识点1:
同位语：HarounTazieff, the Polish scientist, has spent his lifetime ….

搭配：spend+ 时间／钱（in）doing something/on something
例句：Peter spent two years paying off his debt. 皮特花了两年时间还清了债务。
例句：My wife and I spend an hour reading together every day. 我老婆和我每天花一小时阅读。

辨析：every day –everyday

2）知识点2:定语从句
In 1948, he went to Lake Kivu in the Congo to observe a new volcano which he later named Kituro.

结构：名词＋which定语从句

扩展：name 小用法
You name it.
例句：I love China, especially Chinese food. There are so many kinds of delicious foods in China, Kongbao chicken, hotpot, various of street food, you name it!
Name after 以…命名
例句：This street was name after a famous scientist.

2.Tazieff was able to set up his camp very close to the volcano while it was erupting violently. Though he managed to take a number of brilliant photographs, he could not stay near the volcano for very long.

知识点:set用法小总结
set up 设置
例句：Can I set up a 6:20 wake-up call please?/I’d like to request a 6:20 wake-up call.

All set 准备就绪
例句：It’s all set.
例句：I’m all set.

3．He noticed that a river of liquid rock was coming towards him. It threatened to surround him completely, but Tazieff managed to escape just in time.

知识点:宾语从句
引导词that不做成分
引导词that可以省略

知识点:time 用法小总结
work overtime 加班
例句：I have to work overtime tomorrow. So I was wondering if I could take a rain check?

In time 及时
例句：You’re just in time. Dinner’s just ready.

Give it time. 别着急。

Time to do something. 到了做某事的时候啦。
例句：Time to grow up!/Time to go to bed.

4.He waited until the volcano became quiet and he was able to return two days later. This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.

知识点:so that 为了，引导目的状语从句/so…that…如此… 以致于

备注：so…that…和倒装句的结合。
例句：Peter works so hard that he doesn’t have time to accompany his wife.
改写：So hard does Peter work that he doesn’t have time to accompany his wife.

5.Tazieff has often risked his life in this way. He has been able to tell us more about active volcanoes than any man alive.


扩展阅读：
What are the most Chinese things ever?


Intimidating Warning Signs
Due to the large population and not enough police officers, the people in China has developed a unique culture of intimidating warning signs:
Road sign: “Please drive safely, there is no hospital nearby.”

Office building: “No parking at the gate, violations will be deflated (tires).”

Construction site: “My dear workers: When you’re out working, pay attention to safety, if you have an accident, some other dude will sleep with your wife, beat your kids, and spend your death pensions! Work safely, for your own sake.”

Neighborhood watch: “Attention all thieves! Once captured, you will be beaten all the way from the front-alley to the back-alley. This alley is 786 meters long.”

These are serious warning signs, no kidding.