17. In thre idealized version of how science is done, facts about he world are waiting to be observed and collected by objectives researcherswho used the scientific method to carry out their work.

【分析】复合句。句子主干为 facts...are waiting to be observede and collected...。In the idealized...is done 作状语，其中 how 引导宾语从句，作 of 的宾语。who 引导定语从句，修饰 reseachers。

【译文】关于科学研究是如何进行的，理想化的版本是：世界真相等待着客观的研究者用科学的方法去观察和发现。

18. Prior knowledge and interest influence what we expeirence, what we think our experience mean, and the subsequent actions we take.

【分析】复合句。句子主干为 knowledge and interest influence what...what...and...，其中两个 what 均引导宾语从句，与由 and 连接的名词短语组成并列宾语。we take 为省略引导词的宾语从句，修饰 actions。

【译文】我们先前的知识和兴趣影响到我们的经历、我们对经历的理解，以及我们随后采取的行动。