英文原文:
She spoke with a touch of vinegar.
错误译文:
她说话带着一点醋意。
正确译文:
她有点 / 不无刻薄地说。
翻译加油站:
乍一看译文一点不错,还有点文采,但实际上却是错译。此句的关键在于vinegar的隐喻含义。Vinegar是“醋”不错,但这两个中英文词只有在指那种带酸味的调料(即词的本义denotative meaning)时,意思才是一样的。“说话带点醋意”当然不指说话人嘴里真的带醋味儿,而是隐喻,表示妒忌(即隐含意义connotative meaning)。
然而,英语中的vinegar的隐含意义不同于汉语“醋”的隐含意义,与嫉妒无关,而是表示“不高兴”或“尖酸刻薄”。因此,原句应译为:她有点/不无刻薄地说。
不过要注意:vinegar在美语中还有“精力充沛”的意思,如a kid full of vinegar是“一个活蹦乱跳的小伙子”。反过来,汉语的“吃醋”当然也不能译成eat/taste vinegar,而应是be jealous。有趣的是,英语文化中把“嫉妒”和jaundice(黄疸)连起来,说某人嫉妒是be jaundiced。顺便说一下,形容一个人言谈迂腐、说话酸溜溜的,英语是pedantic或priggish;a sour fellow是“一个脾气乖张的人”;the sweet and sour of life则指“人生苦乐”。
与之有关的颜色隐喻,英汉也不一样,汉语中嫉妒别人常说“得了红眼病”,而英语却说green-eyed。嫉妒被称为green-eyed monster;莎士比亚把“嫉妒”称为the green sickness。
英文版钱钟书(Ch'ien Chung-shu)的围城里有这么一句:
苏小姐似嗔似笑,左手食指在空中向他一点道:“你这人就爱吃醋,吃不相干的醋。”
Miss Su was half angry and half amused. Waving her finger at him, she said, "You like being jealous, and it's over nothing."
Translated by Jeanne Kelly and Nathan K. Mao
再看基督山伯爵里的一句话:
Luigi was jealous! He felt that, influenced by her ambitions and coquettish disposition, Teresa might escape him.
罗吉吃醋啦,他觉得,在她的野心和那种爱出风头的天性的影响下,德丽莎或许会抛弃他的。
撒娇:有女人卖弄风情的撒娇coquettish,也有小孩子的撒娇(这就要根据上下文来翻译了)。如:
Tell that child to stop pouting!
叫那孩子别撅着嘴撒娇!
Tut, tut! Such a big child acting like a spoiled child.
那么大的孩子还撒娇, 真没羞。
Tell that child to stop pouting !
叫那孩子别撅着嘴撒娇!
"Because you talk in a coquettish manner just like a little girl. It must have come under someone's influence."
鸿渐道:“因为你说话全是小妞儿撒娇的作风,准是受了什么人的熏陶。”
Jou-chia said peevishly, "Oh, so you Fangs have ancestors, while we just dropped from the sky and have none!
柔嘉撒娇道:“算你们方家有祖宗,我们是天上掉下来的,没有祖宗!