第一 词汇学习

1. suicide n. 自杀者

2. drunk n. 醉鬼，喝酒过度者

3. gravedigger n. 挖墓者

第二 加分短语

1. at the cost of ：以......为代价

He saved the child at the cost of his own life.

他为了拯救这个小孩，而牺牲了自己的生命。

He bought fame at the cost of health and happiness.

他牺牲了健康和幸福换来了名誉。

The fire was put out at the cost of a fireman's life.

这场火灾是以一位消防队员生命的代价才扑灭的。

The lessons learned at the cost of blood helped to sober us.

血的教训使我们的头脑清醒了。

2. learn from：从......学习，从......吸取教训

The Party calls on us to learn from Comrade Lei Feng.

党号召我们向雷锋同志学习。

Bob, you should learn from you brother. He's found a part-time job already.

鲍勃，你应该向你哥哥学一学。他已经找到一份兼职工作。

You must try to learn from your mistakes and not repeat them.

你必须从错误中吸取教训，别再重犯。

The Japanese have shown a tremendous willingness to learn from the experience of foreigners.

日本表现出极其愿意学习外国的经验。

第三 短语注释

1. wooden box：木箱

2. supposed criminals：被人有罪者

3. a pint of ：一品脱

4. made a cross：做十字架

5. put sth at the head of sth.：把.......放在......的上面

第四、写作句式

It is all very well saying that...

释义：话说得好......

范例：It is all very well saying that no iron can pierce the heart with such force as a period put at just the right place.

有句话说得好：句点用得其所，可穿透人心，虽刀枪力莫能及。

It is all well saying that beauty lies in the lover’s eyers.

有句话说得好：情人眼里出西施。

第四 写作佳句

Sorrow was buried here.

赏析：这里的sorrow是一语双关，既指“令人感到悲痛的人”，也指“悲痛者的悲痛心情”。

翻译：悲痛埋在这里。

第五 文法详解

1. There is a corner of the churchyard where the grass grows long, and where the suicides, drunks, unbaptized babies and other supposed criminals are laid．

点拨1：换线部分是由and连接的两个由where引导的限定性定语从句修饰表示地点的先行词churchyard。

点拨2：划线部分中的unbaptized和supposed都是使用过去分词组偶定语分别修饰名词babies和criminals。

2. Tess bravely made a little cross and put it at the head of the grave one evening, when she could enter the churchyard without being seen．

点拨1：划线部分是有关系副词when引导的修饰表示时间的先行词evening的定语从句。

点拨2：换线部分总的without being seen中介词without后面接的是被动结构的动名词短语——being seen。Without being seen的意思就是“没有被人看到地”。

3. ...but could not see how to use her knowledge, so painfully gained．

点拨：划线部分是过去分词短语做后置定语，修饰名词knowledge，her knowledge so painfully gained的意思是“她经历如此痛苦的事情后获得的知识”。