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答案解析:
1.答案:the book will have been published // the book will have come out
详解:
考查时态和被动语态:由by the end of this year“今年年底”判断要用将来完成时，而book与publish之间是被动关系，所以用将来完成时的被动语态will have been published。如果用come out 表达的话不必用被动式。
考查词汇:“出版”的表达常用publish或come out。
2.答案:play an important/essential role in modern society
详解:
考查固定搭配:“发挥作用”的表达为play a role in。
考查词汇:“重要的”表达可以用important或essential；“现代社会”的表达为modern society。
