单词与短语：
1. keep abreast
并行，并肩
eg. We can't keep abreast of the developing situation unless we study harder.
我们如果不加强学习，就会跟不上形势。
eg. We should keep abreast with the present state of science.
我们应当赶上现代科学的发展。
2. used to do
过去常常做；
eg. I used to get up early and take an hour's walk before breakfast.
我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。
eg. Women used to think they were on the shelf at 30.
过去女人一到30岁就认为是过了结婚年龄。
eg. Things ain't what they used to be.
现在情况不比从前了。
注意：be used to doing表示习惯做某事；
eg. He is used to eating out all the time.
他已经习惯在外面吃饭了。
3. pay up
全部还清，付清
eg. We claimed a refund from the association, but they would not pay up.
我们要求该协会退款，但是他们不肯付钱。
eg. He'll never pay up unless you get tough with him.
你如果不对他硬点，他是决不会把钱付清的。
4. flack
n. 宣传，广告
eg. Have you copped a lot of flack over this?
在这一点上你做了很多宣传么?
eg. I scarf down my breakfast/lunch as a flack from the Nature Conservancy explains how everything works.
在自然保护协会播放大会宣传片讲解我们要做些什么的时候，我一道把我的早午饭都吃了。