17.They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.
【分析】复合句。主句主干为They have been spurred;which引导非限定性定语从句修饰DNA evidence。在定语从句中,Thomas Jefferson …Sally Hemings为省略引导词的宾语从句,作proved的宾语。主句中的过去分词结构 made available in 1998作DNA evidence 的后置定语。
【译文】1998年获得的DNA证据是驱使他们从亊该研究的部分原因,这一证据几乎很肯定地证明了托马斯·杰弗逊和他的奴隶莎莉·海明斯至少生了一个孩子。
【点拨】l)spur既可作名词也可作动词,本句中,该词为 动词.意为“激励,鞭策”。2)in part为表示程度的状 语.意为“部分地,在某种程度上”。3)father既可作动词,也可作名词,本句中是其动词用法,意为“作为父亲生育子女”。
【临摹】她的成功一部分是由于运气。
18.While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.
【分析】多重复合句。while引导让步状语从句,主句主干为 they also understood that... ,此时的 that 引导宾语从句,宾语从句中又包含省略了关系词的定语从句they helped to create,修饰先行词 country。
【译文】尽管华盛顿和杰弗逊私下里都对奴隶制表示反感,但他们也认识到,奴隶制是他们一手缔造的国家的政治经济基础的一部分。
【点拨】distaste意为“厌恶,不喜欢”,可与taste一起联想记忆。