7. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise.

【分析】复合句。句子主干为Some use them,两个并列的不定式结构to keep…or gather…在句中作目的状语。第二个目的状语中又含有一个表示目的的不定式短语to arm…；when引导的时间状语从句省略了主语和系动词。

【译文】一些人利用搜索代理密切关注着市场对自己行业的需求，或者搜集有关薪水的信息，以便在协商加薪时有所准备。

【点拨】1) keep a close watch on sth. “密切关注…”。 2 ) line of work“行业”。

8. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.

【分析】复合句。句子主干为this... refers to discrimination。主语this和谓语refers to之间插入了介词短语for those…作状语，其中unaware of...作those的后置定语。宾语discrimination后的介词短语against those…作其后置定语，其中又包含whose引导的定语从句修饰those。

【译文】对于那些还没有意识到这个劣势的人而言，这种不公平就是指对那些姓氏字母排在字母表后半部分的人的歧视。

【点拨】discrimination against sb./sth. “对某人或某物的歧视”。