23. Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: "We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and come out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing."
【分析】复合句。句子主干为Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought (that)...,后跟宾语从句:schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children。引号里面的内容是对前面宾语从句的补充说明。
【译文】拉夫·瓦尔多·爱默生和其他一些先验主义哲学家认为学校教育和僵化的书本学习是对孩子们天性的束缚:“我们被关在学校和大学的背诵室里,一关就是10到15年,最后出来时满腹经论却什么都不懂。”
【点拨】l)rigorous“严格的,严厉的;枯燥的”。2)put/ place/ impose/ lay/ exercise restraints on “对…加以限制,束缚”。3)a bellyful of“一肚子的,满腹”。
24. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, re-order,and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, imagines.
【分析】并列句。while连接两个分句,形成对比关系。前一个句子的主语为Intelligence,谓语为seeks,宾语为 to grasp, manipulate, recorder 和 adjust。后一个句子的主语为intellect,谓语为并列的六个动词examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes 和 imagines。
【译文】智力寻求的是理解、应用、整合和调节,而才智是审视、思考、怀疑、形成理论、批判和想象。
【点拨】1)本句中grasp意为“理解,领会”,此外还有“咬住;抓住(机会)”的意思。2)theorize“推理;创建理论,建立学说”。