1Placebo Effect

The Placebo effect is when an ineffectual substance that is believed to have healing properties produces the desired effect. Especially common with medications, the placebo effect has been observed when individuals given a sugar pill for a real ailment report improvement. Placebos are still a scientific mystery. It is theorized that placebos cause an “Expectancy Effect”, (In cases of uncertainty, expectation is what is most likely to happen) individuals expect the pills to cure their ailments, so they feel cured. However, this does not explain how the ineffectual pills actually cause a reduction in symptoms.

Interesting Fact: The term “Placebo” is used when the outcomes are considered favorable, when the outcomes are negative or harmful; the term is “Nocebo”

1 安慰剂效应

安慰剂效应是指当相信没有用的东西能够治愈某些疾病时，这些安慰剂真的能够发挥作用。

在药物当中最为常见，安慰剂效应被用来观察一些慢性病的改善，其实给患者的是糖片。安慰剂在科学上仍然是个谜。安慰剂被提出是引起“期望效果”（指那些不确定的，很期望发生的事），人们期望药片能够治疗他们的慢性病，所以他们被治好了。然而这些不能解释无效的药物实际上怎么减少不良症状的。

有趣的事实：安慰剂这一名词被用来说明当结果看起来不错时，如果结果不尽人意时，称之为“反安慰剂”。