中高级口译--复杂定语从句的汉译
时间:2005-5-13 10:40:06 作者:alex
鍙彲鑻辫-骞磋交浜虹殑鑻辫鍚璁粌骞冲彴
时，世界拥有的每一项重大成就，已为历史发端期的人们所知晓。（分开的定语）
And it helps to explain why so many inventions that were of Chinese origin
or that had been known to the Greco-Romans, were fully developed and exploited
ony by the Western Europeans.
它有助于说明，为什么发源于中国的许多发明和希腊罗马人所知道的许多发明，只是在西欧人手中才得到全面发展和充分利用。（分开的定语修饰重复的先行词）
2）译成并列句 可以把两个定语从句简单地译成一个并列句，也可以把它们译成两个分开的并列句，用来表示并列、转折或先后顺序等关系：
Consequently the manor was a self-sufficient vilage that was worked by
serfs who were not free to leave, and who with their labor supported a
hierarchy of lay and clerical lords.
因而，采邑是靠农奴经营的自足自给予的村庄；农奴不能随便离开，并以其劳动养活教俗封建集团。（一个并列句）
Not Surprisingly, the most complex political structures appeared in the
Sudan, where long distance trade was most highly developed and where Islamic
influence was the strongest.
毫不奇怪，苏丹出现了最复杂的政治组织，在那里，长途贸易发展得最快，伊斯兰教的影响最为强烈。（两个并列句）
Our aim is to establish in Ghana a strong and progressive society … where
poverty and illiteracy no longer exist and disease is brought under control;
and where our educational facilities provide all the children of Ghana
with the best possible opportunities for the development of their potentialities.
我们的目的是在加纳建立一个强大、进步的社会……在这里，贫困和文盲不再存在，疾病得到控制；在这里，我们的教育机构为加纳所有的孩子提供发展他们的潜力的最好机会。（两个并列句，表示并列关系）
This hope was nurtured by the great victories won by Genghis Khan's grandson,
Hulagu, who was a Buddhist, and whose wife was a Christian.
成吉思汗的孙子旭烈兀所取得的伟大胜利，助长了这一希望。旭烈兀是个佛教徒，而他的妻子是基督教徒。（两个并列句，表示转折关系）
3）其他译法 这类定语从句除上述两种正规、固定的翻译方法外，还有其他几种比较灵活的译法。我们可以把翻译简单定语从句的方法融会贯通，运用其中，如译成定语+句子成分，即把一个从句译成定语，另一个从句译成句子成分；或译成并列句（或句子成分）+状语从句，即把一个从句译成并列句或句子成分，另一个从句译成状语从句等。
And it helps to explain why so many inventions that were of Chinese origin
or that had been known to the Greco-Romans, were fully developed and exploited
ony by the Western Europeans.
它有助于说明，为什么发源于中国的许多发明和希腊罗马人所知道的许多发明，只是在西欧人手中才得到全面发展和充分利用。（分开的定语修饰重复的先行词）
2）译成并列句 可以把两个定语从句简单地译成一个并列句，也可以把它们译成两个分开的并列句，用来表示并列、转折或先后顺序等关系：
Consequently the manor was a self-sufficient vilage that was worked by
serfs who were not free to leave, and who with their labor supported a
hierarchy of lay and clerical lords.
因而，采邑是靠农奴经营的自足自给予的村庄；农奴不能随便离开，并以其劳动养活教俗封建集团。（一个并列句）
Not Surprisingly, the most complex political structures appeared in the
Sudan, where long distance trade was most highly developed and where Islamic
influence was the strongest.
毫不奇怪，苏丹出现了最复杂的政治组织，在那里，长途贸易发展得最快，伊斯兰教的影响最为强烈。（两个并列句）
Our aim is to establish in Ghana a strong and progressive society … where
poverty and illiteracy no longer exist and disease is brought under control;
and where our educational facilities provide all the children of Ghana
with the best possible opportunities for the development of their potentialities.
我们的目的是在加纳建立一个强大、进步的社会……在这里，贫困和文盲不再存在，疾病得到控制；在这里，我们的教育机构为加纳所有的孩子提供发展他们的潜力的最好机会。（两个并列句，表示并列关系）
This hope was nurtured by the great victories won by Genghis Khan's grandson,
Hulagu, who was a Buddhist, and whose wife was a Christian.
成吉思汗的孙子旭烈兀所取得的伟大胜利，助长了这一希望。旭烈兀是个佛教徒，而他的妻子是基督教徒。（两个并列句，表示转折关系）
3）其他译法 这类定语从句除上述两种正规、固定的翻译方法外，还有其他几种比较灵活的译法。我们可以把翻译简单定语从句的方法融会贯通，运用其中，如译成定语+句子成分，即把一个从句译成定语，另一个从句译成句子成分；或译成并列句（或句子成分）+状语从句，即把一个从句译成并列句或句子成分，另一个从句译成状语从句等。
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