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wings-wing
n.翅膀 v.飞,飞行
One or both wings are held in an abnormal position, suggesting injury.
它的一只或两只翅膀的位置不正常，表明它已受伤了。
wealthy
adj.富有的
Technological advances always affected the homes of the wealthy first, filtering downward into the urban middle class.
富裕家庭永远是第一个从技术发展中收益的，随后再发展到城镇的中产阶级。
virtually
adv.事实上, 实质上
The land surrounding Boston had always been poor farm country, and by the mid-eighteenth century it was virtually stripped of its timber.
波士顿附近一直是贫瘠村庄，但到18世纪中期，这里已经不再生产木材了。
trading-trade
n.贸易；商业 v.交易
Individual explorers were not as successful at locating games as were the trading companies.
与贸易公司相比，探险者在定位猎物方面还不太成功。
survey
n.调查v.调查, 测量
surveyor
n.检查员
Work on early tools, surveys of paleoanthropological sites, development and testing of broad ecological theories,
对早期工具进行研究，勘探古人类遗址，发展生物理论研究，
and advances in comparative primatology are contributing to knowledge about this central chapter in human prehistory.
灵长类动物学研发，这些都对揭开人类史前中篇起到作用。
sufficient
adj.充足的
sufficiently
adv.充分地
insufficient
adj.不够的
Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme temperature situations mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft, secure place to rest.
我们应该补充充足的筑巢材料，防止上述所说的极端天气，保证它能够在安全，舒适的地方孵蛋。
suck
v.吸
Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.
金枪鱼不需要吸入大量水。
storage
n.保管
All organisms, therefore, allocate energy to growth, reproduction, maintenance, and storage.
所有有机体都用于生长、繁殖、维护以及储存。
spontaneous
adj.不由自主的
However, for many years physicists thought that atoms and molecules always were much more likely to emit light spontaneously and that stimulated emission thus always would be much weaker.
多年以来，物理学家一直认为原子和分子可同时发光，并可刺激释放。
sophisticated
adj.成熟的；繁复的
sophistication
n.老于世故；复杂
In addition to their sophisticated technical culture, they also attained one of the most complex social organizations of any nonagricultural people in the world.
除了他们复杂的技术文化，他们还参与了非农业社会组织中。
skull
n.头盖骨
The skull also lacks a blowhole, another cetacean adaptation for diving.
颅骨上缺少一个可以进行适应性潜水的排气孔。
shells-shell
n.贝壳
eggshell
n.蛋壳
shellfish
n.贝; 有壳的水生动物
Of particular made from the larger mussel shells, and a variety of cutting edges that could be made from other marine shells.
它是通过贻贝壳制作而成，我们也可以通过其它海洋贝壳来制作切片。
semiarid
adj.半干旱的
arid
adj.干燥的
This region has a semiarid climate, and for 50 years after its settlement, it supported a low-intensity agricultural economy of cattle ranching and wheat farming.
这里有着半干旱的气候，在人们定居50年后，它支撑了一个以畜牧业和小麦种植为主的低密度农业经济。
script
n.手稿, 剧本
Unfortunately, we have no Old European Rosetta stone to chart correspondences between Old European script and the languages that replaced it.
不幸的是，我们没有罗塞塔石碑来记录古代欧洲手迹和取而代之的语言。
plankton
n.浮游生物
If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop,
比方说，如果海洋浮游生物遭到大面积破坏，那么地球的氧气含量将会减少，
affection even organisms not living in the oceans.
海洋里的生物体也会因此而灭亡。
participants-participant
n.关系者
participated-participate
v.参加
participation
n.分享, 参与
Causing participants in experiments to smile, for example, leads them to report more positive feelings and to rate cartoons
比如，让参与实验的人们微笑，他们会表现的更加积极，
(humorous drawings of people or situations) as being more humorous.
他们评价图片相对而言更加风趣幽默。
naturally
adv.自然地
naturalist
n.自然主义者
naturalistic
adj.自然主义的
Whig and Democratic areas of influence were naturally split between urban and rural areas, respectively.
辉格党和民主党的分布区域分别以城市和农村为界分布。
musicians-musician
n.音乐家
Like all artists, jazz musicians strive for an individual style, and the improvise or paraphrased is a jazz musician's main opportunity to display his or her individuality.
像所有艺术家一样，爵士音乐家渴望独有艺术风格，即兴表演或释义是他们展现自我风格的主要机会。
