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Now listen to a part of lecture on the topic you just read about.
现在来听一段有关你刚刚所阅读到的话题的演讲。
Now I want to tell you about what one company found when it decided that it would turn over some of its new projects to teams of people,
现在我想告诉你们关于一个公司会发现什么，在它决定了把一些新的项目移交给团队人员，
and make the team responsible for planning the projects and getting the work done.
并且让这些团队来负责规划这些项目并完成工作之后。
After about six months, the company took a look at how well the teams performed.
大约六个月后，这个公司来视察下这些团队表现得怎么样。
On virtually every team, some members got almost a "free ride", they didn't contribute much at all,
几乎每个团队里，一些人都是“坐享其成”，他们根本没有贡献多少。
but if their team did a good job, they nevertheless benefited from the recognition the team got.
但是如果他们的团队的工作做得好，他们仍然会从团队所得到的认可中获益。
And what about group members who worked especially well and who provided a lot of insight on problems and issues?
那么那些工作非常出色和那些对问题提供了很多深刻见解的人会怎么样？
Well...the recognition for a job well done went to the group as a whole, no names were named.
好吧……对一份做得好的工作的认可一整个给了团队，没有人被提名。
So it won't surprise you to learn that when the real contributors were asked how they felt about the group process,
所以，当真正的贡献者被问到他们觉得团队过程怎么样的时候，
their attitude was just the opposite of what the reading predicts.
他们的态度正与文章中预言的相反，了解到这一点时你也不会觉得惊讶。
Another finding was that some projects just didn't move very quickly. Why?
另一种结果就是，一些项目进展得不快。为什么？
Because it took so long to reach consensus;
因为要达到团队内的一致花费了太多的时间。
it took many, many meetings to build the agreement among group members about how they would move the project along.
需要开很多很多的会议才能在组员内建立起一致观点，关于他们要如何推动项目的进展。
On the other hand, there were other instances where one or two people managed to become very influential over what their group did.
另一方面，有一些其他的情况，会有那么一两个人试图在他们团队所做的事情上变得有非常影响力。
Sometimes when those influencers said "That will never work" about an idea the group was developing,
有时，当那些有影响力的人对团队正在形成的一种想法说，“这个不行”时，
the idea was quickly dropped instead of being further discussed.
这个想法将会很快被抛弃而不会被更深入地探讨。
And then there was another occasion when a couple of influencers convinced the group that a plan of theirs was "highly creative."
也会有另外一种情况，当一些有影响力的人说服了团队说他们的一个计划“非常有创造性”的时候。
And even though some members tried to warn the rest of the group that the project was moving in directions that might not work,
即便有些成员会试图提醒其他成员项目在沿着一个错误的方向进行，
they were basically ignored by other group members.
他们基本上都被其他的成员所忽略。
Can you guess the ending to this story?
你能猜到故事的结局吗？
When the project failed, the blame was placed on all the members of the group.
当这个项目失败的时候，责任会被放在这个组的全部成员头上。
Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaning how they cast doubt on points made in the reading.
总结你刚刚听到的演讲中的观点，解释他们怎么样对阅读中提出的观点提出怀疑。
