Alone in the night-watch, after the sea breeze had sunk to rest, I have stood on the deck under those beautiful skies, gazing, admiring, rapt. I have seen there, above the horizon at the same time, and shining with a splendour unknown to northern latitudes, every star of the first magnitude—save only six—that is contained in the catalogue of the one hundred principal fixed stars of astronomers. There lies the city on the sea-shore, wrapped in sleep. The sky looks solid, like a vault of steel set with diamonds! The stillness below is in harmony with the silence above; and one almost fears to speak, lest the harsh sound of the human voice, reverberating through those vaulted "chambers of the south," should wake up echo, and drown the music that fills the soul.
海风逐渐平静下来,我独自站在美丽的夜空下,站在甲板上凝望着、感慨着、沉浸着。我看到地平线之上,在那神秘的北纬地区,闪耀着绚丽的光辉,每一颗一级恒星(除去仅六颗)都是天文学家那一百颗主恒星队列里的一份子。那里有一座坐落在海边的小城正沉睡着。天空一眼望去是那么地坚固,如同一片镶着钻石的钢质穹窿!大地静得出奇,和天空的静交相呼应。人们也不敢发声,生怕自己那粗糙的声音会穿透进这座拱形的“南方密宫”,而使得回声淹没那浸染着灵魂的天籁。
Within the tropics the land and sea breezes are more gentle; and though the night scenes there are not so suggestive as those just described, yet they are exceedingly delightful, and altogether lovely. The oppressive heat of the sun is mitigated, and the climate of the sea-shore is made both refreshing and healthful, by the alternation of those winds, which invariably come from the cooler place;—from the sea, which is the cooler by day; and from the land, which is the cooler by night.
热带地区的海陆风较温和,虽然那里的夜景比描述里略微逊色了些,但却十分地令人愉悦且秀丽可餐。太阳并没有很晒,岸边的气候也清新怡人。那些常年从温度较低的地区吹来的风是交替性的,白天吹来的是凉爽的海风,晚上吹来的则是凉爽的陆风。
About ten in the morning the heat of the sun has played upon the land with sufficient intensity to raise its temperature above that of the water. A portion of this heat being imparted to the air above it, causes it to rise; when the air, first from the beach, then from the sea, to the distance of several miles, begins to flow in with a most delightful and invigorating freshness.
大约在上午十点之际,太阳作用在陆地上的热量便足以强烈到使气温高于水温。热量的一部分会被输送至高于海平面的空气之中并不断上升;当空气先是掠过海滩、然后是海上直至数英里开外之时,便会变得异常的清爽宜人、令人愉悦、活力倍增。
When a fire is kindled on the hearth, we may see, if we observe the motes floating in the room, that those nearest to the chimney are the first to feel the draught and to obey it—they are drawn into the blaze. The circle of inflowing air is gradually enlarged, until it is scarcely perceived in the remote parts of the room. Now, the land is the hearth; the rays of the sun the fire; and the sea, with its cool and calm air, the room; and thus have we at our firesides the sea breeze in miniature.
当火在壁炉里点燃之时,如果我们观察漂浮在房间里的尘埃,我们会发现那些离烟囱最近的便是最先感受到气流并跟随气流的——他们会被吸入火焰当中。被吸入的空气圈儿会逐渐扩大,直到最后在房间远些地方的气流几乎无法被察觉。如今,大地便是那壁炉;太阳光照便是火;带着凉爽平静气流的便是房间;而我们则正做在火炉边,细细感受着那海风。
When the sun goes down the fire ceases; then the dry land commences to give off its surplus heat by radiation, so that by dew-fall it and the air above it are cooled below the sea temperature. The atmosphere on the land thus becomes heavier than that on the sea, and, consequently, there is a wind sea-ward, which we call the land breeze.
太阳落山之时火熄灭了;之后干燥的陆地开始通过辐射来释放自己多余的热量,如此一来,至降露之时,陆地和陆地上的空气都被冷却到了低于海洋的温度。陆地上的大气也因此变得比海洋上的大气更沉,最后形成了一股向海上吹的风,便是我们所说的陆风。