评论
打印
PHYSICAL TRAINING
A: There goes the bell. It's time for physical training. Let's go to the sports ground.
B: What do we do today?
A: We'll run round the track first. Then we'll practise the high jump. After that we'll break into small groups. We can either play basketball or volleyball.
B: That's good. Our basketball team is going to play Class Three on Wednesday. We need a lot of practice.
A: Look, they are already lining up there. Let's run over and join them.
体育训练
A：铃响了，体育课的时间到了。我们去操场吧。
B：我们今天做什么呢？
A：首先我们要沿着跑道跑步，然后练跳高。那之后我们就分成几个小组，要么打篮球，要么打排球。
B：太好了。星期三我们班的篮球队要和三班比赛，我们需要多练习练习。
A：看，他们已经在那儿排起队来了，我们也跑过去排队吧。
NOTES TO THE TEXT
Robert Bruce, King of Scotland
King of Scotland是Robert Bruce的同位语。
Robert Bruce又称Robert I(罗伯特一世)，他于1306年任苏格兰国王。1314年他率领苏格兰人民击败了由英格兰国王，Edward II(爱德华二世)率领的英格兰侵略军。1328年，也就是他去世前一年，他与英格兰缔结了《北安普敦条约》，使苏格兰摆脱了英格兰的统治，获得了独立。
Many centuries ago, Scotland was ruled by a king named Robert Bruce.
根据前面的介绍，many centuries ago指的是14世纪初叶；was ruled是被动语态。
a king named Robert Bruce意思相当于a king whose name was Robert Bruce；named是过去分词，修饰前面的名词king；过去分词短语作某个名词的后置定语时，在句法功能上相当于一个定语从句。
... ,Bruce took up arms and led his people in the defence of their country.
took up arms意思是“拿起武器”。
led his people in the defence of their country意思是“领导他的人民保卫他们的国家”；在英文中“领导某人做某事”要用lead somebody in的结构来表达，in后面可以跟名词短语或者动名词短语doing sth.
For ten years, he led his men in the search for the buried gold. 他带领手下人，花了十年时间在寻找埋在地下的金子。
Five years ago, he led a team in climbing the peak of the Himalayas. 五年前他曾率领一支队伍攀登喜马拉雅山的高峰。
Battle after battle was fought.
短语battle after battle的意思是“一场接一场的战斗”；after在此是介词，用以连接并列的两项，表示连续。例如：
bus after bus 一辆接一辆的公共汽车
day after day 日复一日
注意这句中的主语是battle，是单数，所以后面被动语态中的助动词也要相应的用第三人称单数形式was：was fought这一被动语态。
Six times Bruce led his brave little army against the enemy, and six times his men were beaten.
这是一个并列句，six times意思是“六次”，在句中作频度时间状语；介词against在这里表示抵抗；were beaten是被动语态，意思是“被打败”。
