New Words

blueprint

n. a design for a building or machine, with white lines on blue paper; a detailed plan or scheme

vague

a. not clear or distinct

ill-defined

a. not adequately explained; not well marked out; unclear

recognizable

a. that can be recognized, identifiable

conception

n. general understanding, idea; the act of forming an idea, plan, etc.

humiliation

n. the act or process of lowering pride, dignity or self-respect; the state or feeling of being humiliated

triumph

n. the act of winning; success

v. be victorious or successful

construct

vt. build or put together

validity

n. truth or soundness; legal force, being legally binding 正确；（法律上）有效

consistent

a. in agreement; keeping to the same principles and habits

consistency n.

lap

n. the front part of a seated person between the waist and the knees

victim

n. a person harmed, killed or suffering some hardship or loss 受害者

injustice

n. lack of justice; an unjust act

verify

vt. prove to be true, confirm; check for accuracy 证明；核实

premise

n. a statement that is taken as true, used as the basis for an argument; assumption 前提；假设

thereby

ad. by means of that, in that way

vicious

a. evil, wicked; savage and dangerous

vicious cycle

a set of events in which cause and effect follow each other until this results in a return to the first usu. undesirable or unpleasant position and the whole matter begins again 恶性循环

beneficent

a. doing good; kind or generous

rejection

n. (an example of) rejecting or being rejected

woebegone

a. very sad in appearance 愁眉苦脸

hang-dog

a. (of an expression on the face) unhappy esp. because ashamed or sorry 惭愧的；自觉有罪的

unconscious

a. having lost consciousness; unaware

hostility

n. ill-will; antagonism

affront

vt. be rude to or hurt the feelings of, esp. intentionally or in public; offend 当众侮辱，有意冒犯

businessman (business woman)

a person who works in business, esp. as an owner, director, or top manager of a company

objective

a. existing outside the mind, real; not influenced by personal feelings or opinions, fair

sanity

n. the state of having a sound and healthy mind

miraculous

a. being or resembling a miracle

prevail

vt. be stronger or more successful; be most common or frequent

heretofore

ad. until now, before this time 迄今为止；在此之前

circumference

n. the line round the outside edge of a figure, object, or place; the length round the outside of a circle 周围；周长

external

a. on, of, or for the outside

defect

n. something missing or imperfect; fault

venture

n. a course of action, esp. in business, in which there is a risk of loss as well as a chance of gain 商业冒险

folly

n. (an act of) stupidity

patch

n. a piece put in to mend a hole or a tear 补钉

garment

n. an article of clothing

effectively

ad. in an effective manner; with great effect

effective a.

negative

a. not positive or helpful; expressing a refusal or denial

concept

n. a general idea

keystone

n. the middle stone in the top of an arch, which keeps the other stones in place; an idea, belief, etc. on which everything else depends 拱顶石；基础

ego

n. one's opinion of oneself; self-esteem

ideal

a. perfect in every way

n. a perfect example; high principles or perfect standards

theorize

v. form a theory; speculate

inconsistent

a. not in agreement with each other; tending to change

underlie

vt. be a hidden cause or meaning of

viewpoint

n. a point of view

accordingly

ad. in a way suitable to what has been said or what has happened; therefore 相应地；因此

induce

vt. lead (sb.) to do sth., often by persuading 引诱，劝

definition

n. the act of explaining the nature of a thing; a precise statement in which the mature of a thing is made clear

self-definition

n. definition of one's own character, identity, or the like

misspell

vt. spell wrongly

flunk

vt. fail (an exam or study course); to mark the exam answers as unsatisfactory

credit

n. a completed unit of a student's work that forms part of a course, esp. at a university 学分

speller

n. one who spells words

counselor

n. someone who advises or guides; adviser

counsel

vt., n.

honorable

a. deserving or winning honor or respect

honorable mention

an honorary award next below those that win prizes 荣誉奖

literary

a. (typical) of literature; fond of, studying, or producing literature

mathematical

a. of or using mathematics; (of numbers, reasoning, etc.) exact, precise

factual

a. based (only) on facts

descriptive

a. that describes

flunk-out

n. a person who is dismissed from school for failure

Phrases & Expressions

down to the last detail

in every detail

in short

in a word, in summary

as the case may be

whatever the case may be (used to indicate that the statement being made applies equally to the two or more alternatives that have been mentioned)

bear out

support; confirm

occur to

come into one's mind, enter one's head

lie in

involve, be caused by

prevail (up) on

think of, imagine

identify with

consider oneself to be equal to or the same as

Proper Names

Maxwell Maltz 马克斯韦尔·马尔茨

Jesus Christ 耶稣基督

Prescott Lecky 普雷斯科特·莱基

Columbia 哥伦比亚(大学)