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自然百科:诺贝尔奖的历史

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Al Gore accepted the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007, along with Rajendra Pachauri accepting on behalf of the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for their work to sound the alarm over global warming.

The six Nobel Prizes are traditionally awarded on December 10th each year, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death in 1896. He was a Swedish industrialist who invented

dynamite, and established five of the current six prizes in his will.

In 1903, Marie Curie became the first woman laureate when she shared half of the Physics Prize with her husband Pierre.

The following year, Russian Ivan Pavlov was recognized for his experiment of conditioning a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell.

President Theodore Roosevelt was the first American recipient. He received the Nobel Peace Prize for his effort in mediating the end to the Russo-Japanese War.

Rudyard Kipling, the author of The Jungle Book, won the 1907 Nobel Prize in Literature.

Albert Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for his contribution, especially for his discovery of the Law of the Photoelectric Effect.

In 1945, Sir Alexander Fleming was one of three men awarded the prize in medicine for the discovery of penicillin.

Sir Francis Crick won in 1962 with his colleagues for their description of the DNA helix, helping advance our understanding of life.

Mother Teresa received the Peace Prize in 1979 for her work among India’s poor.

The Dalai Lama was awarded the Peace Prize for 1989. He is seen here at the gathering of Peace Prize winners to mark the 100th anniversary of the award in 2001.

In 1990, Soviet Leader Mikhail Gorbachev was awarded the Peace Prize for his progressive international policies.

The following year, Myanmar Opposition Leader Aung San Suu Kyi was recognized …

重点单词   查看全部解释    
progressive [prə'gresiv]

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adj. 前进的,渐进的
n. 进步人士

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description [di'skripʃən]

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n. 描写,描述,说明书,作图,类型

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laureate ['lɔ:iət]

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n. 桂冠诗人,得奖人 adj. 杰出的,带桂冠的 vt

 
recipient [ri'sipiənt]

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n. 接受者,收信人

 
opposition [.ɔpə'ziʃən]

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n. 反对,敌对,在野党

 
penicillin [.peni'silin]

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n. 青霉素

 
contribution [.kɔntri'bju:ʃən]

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n. 贡献,捐款(赠)

 
established [is'tæbliʃt]

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adj. 已被确认的,确定的,建立的,制定的 动词est

 
dynamite ['dainəmait]

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n. 炸药,(用)炸药(爆破), 引起轰动的人(或物)

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current ['kʌrənt]

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n. (水、气、电)流,趋势
adj. 流通的

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