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In a study performed by Karl Braunshweig and
在2001年，卡尔．布朗斯威格
colleagues in 2001 researches looked at the cases of
及他的同事做的研究表明，他们通过
27 cancer patients and examined the relationship
对27例癌症患者的观测检查出癌症
between nutritional intervention methods, meaning
与营养干预方式之间的关系：
if the received enteral or parenteral nutrition
那就是，如果把吸收肠胃营养或肠胃外营养
and compared these feeding methods to complications
同那些复杂的喂养方式相比
and mortality rates in order to determine whether
对于患癌病人来说，死亡率是为了确定
results supported the use of enteral nutrition i
调查结果支持使用肠胃营养
nstead of parenteral nutrition for patients suffering
而不是肠胃外营养
from cancer. The results of this study showed that
这个研究结果表明了
enteral nutrition or tube feeding were associated with
从整体上来说肠内营养或者胃管喂食
a significantly lower risk of infection overall
存在较低传染的风险
however in the studies with which patients had a higher
然而，在研究中一些病人含有较高的
rate of protein energy nutrition such as cancer
蛋白质能量营养 像癌症恶病质
cachexia there is a significantly higher risk of
使用肠内营养
mortality and infections with enteral nutrition
而不是肠胃外营养
rather than with parenteral nutrition.
就会有较高的死亡及传染风险
Parenteral nutrition was thus determined to be the
因此在病人营养不良的情况下
preferred route of treatment when patients are
肠胃外营养是更好的治疗途径
malnourished. While these practices are best used
虽然，这些实际操作方法最好在癌症治疗
during cancer therapy we will now focus of nutritional
过程中使用 但我们现在开始将会关注
intervention strategies for after therapy.
治疗后的营养干预策略
Once children have entered remission nutrition
儿童一旦进入缓解营养康复阶段
rehabilitation may still be needed in order to get the
为了让小孩回到正常喂养和饮食模式中
child back into normal feeding and eating patterns.
营养康复是仍然需要的
Some of the side effects of chemotherapy may
化疗的一些不良反应仍然存在
still exist. These side effects such as diarrhea,
这些不良反应如腹泻
constipation, sore mouth, weight loss or poor appetite
便秘、口腔溃疡、体重下降、食欲不振
and poor digestion can often be combated nutritionally,
及消化不良等，经常阻止营养的吸收
for instance if a patient is suffering from diarrhea,
例如，如果一个孩子腹泻
kid friendly foods that children would benefit from
对他最有益处的食物有苹果汁
in this state include apple sauce or other ripe fruits
或者其他成熟的果蔬 因为这些食物含有
and vegetables because these foods contain high amounts
大量的果胶，果胶里的水溶纤维可以缓解
of pectin, a water soluble fiber that can form
肠道不适。酸乳酪因为其里面含有益生菌
a soothing coating in the intestines. Yoghurt because
含钠较高的清汤和饼干
it contains beneficial bacteria to the gastro
因其钠元素能在人腹泻的时候
intestinal tract and high sodium soups and crackers
帮助保持水分而不流失
because this sodium helps the body retain water lost
使人不会脱水
during diarrhea and helps prevent dehydration.
这些都是有益食物
There really can be a wide range of nutrient
实际上，营养不良的范围很广
deficiencies but there was a very recent study done
但最近的一个研究表明
that actually took a look at the diet of childhood
他们为了确定癌症儿童所少的营养成分
cancer survivors in order to establish what nutrients
他们观察了癌症幸存儿童的饮食习惯
they were deficient in. In a 2011 study entitled
在2011年一篇名为
‘the dietary intake after treatment in childhood
《儿童癌症患者治愈后的营养摄入》
cancer survivors’, the diet of 50 childhood cancer
的研究报告中 50名儿童癌症治愈者
survivors was assessed with a 3 day food diary recorded
的父母记录了他们三天的食谱
by their parents. This was done to see if there were
做这些是为了观察那些儿童癌症治愈者
any specific nutrients that childhood cancer survivors
是不是缺少某些特别的营养物质
were lacking specifically. Of the 50 childhood cancer
50名儿童癌症治愈者
survivors 20% of the participants were overweight or
其中20%的儿童超重或者肥胖
obese, 54% were consuming above their estimate energy
54%的儿童消耗的能量远远大于预计的
requirements, more specifically the 3 day food diary
能量需求 值得注意的是
revealed that 50% of children did not meet their
三天的食谱记录显示，有50%的儿童
requirements for folate. 32% of children did not
叶酸盐需求量没有达到要求
meet their requirements for calcium and 44% of
32%的儿童钙元素
children did not meet their requirements for iron.
44%的儿童铁元素没达到要求
