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Nature vs.Nurture Are Asians Raised to be Smarter or Just Born that Way
是什么造就了优等生的成就
CNNANCHOR : Well, time now to look at Asian-Americans. Now a common stereotype is that they're smarter than other ethnic groups. Now, academic tests seem to bear this out, but is it genetics, simple hard work or perhaps a bit of both? Now, it's the old nature versus nurture debate and our Dr. Sanjay Gupta weighs in on it.
CNN 主播: 现在我们来谈谈亚裔美国人。一般的印象是他们比其他种族聪明。如今学术测验似乎印证了这一点，但这究竟是基因使然还是努力得来的结果?或者两者都有一点关系?这又回到了究竟是先天使然还是后天养成这个长久以来的辩论话题。本台的桑杰·古普塔医师要来探讨这个问题。
DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN SENIOR MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT : For Jimmy Hom, studying cello at the elite Juilliard : Music School is just one part of a busy life.
CNN资深医疗特派员 桑杰·古普塔: 对何吉米而言，在名校茱莉亚音乐学院学习大提琴只不过是他忙碌人生中的一小部分而已。
JIMMY HOM, HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR: I have been playing since I was four years old. It helps you not only in the musical aspect, but in life, as well. You learn how to deal with yourself. You learn how to deal with pressure.
高三学生 何吉米: 我从4岁起就开始拉大提琴了。它不只在音乐方丽对你有帮助，对你的人生也有帮助。你能学会如何去面对自己，并且学会如何面对压力。
DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN SENIOR MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT : Jimmy Hom is an 18-year-old genius who is editor-in-chief of his high school yearbook, has a perfect math score on his SATs, is a finalist in the Intel Science Talent Search for a biology project he developed last summer at the Yale Medical School, has a perfect 4.0 grade point average as a high school senior.
CNN资深医疗特派员 桑杰·古普塔: 何吉米是名18岁的优等生，在他就读的高中担任毕业纪念册的总编辑，大学入学测验的数学考满分(注)，靠着去年夏天在耶鲁医学院进行的生物研究计划入用英特尔科学征才活动决赛，同时他高气的学业平均成绩达到4.0的满分。
JIMMY HOM, HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR: Academics was pretty much, like, the number-one priority in my life. Throughout high school, like, homework and tests were always the first thing that I needed to take care of before I did any other thing.
高三学生何吉米学业在我的人生里排第一。在读高中的过程中，家庭作业和考试我一定会先顾好，然后才会去做且他的事。
DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN SENIOR MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT : And, of course, Jimmy Hom will be starting at Harvard in the fall.
CNN资深医疗特派员 桑杰·古普塔: 当然，何吉米今年秋天就要开始就读于哈佛了。
DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN SENIOR MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT : His mother emigrated from Korea, his father from China.
CNN资深医疗特派员 桑杰·古普塔: 他的母亲是从哪国移民来的，父亲则来自中国。
Jimmy was born here, and he's an example of many Asian-Americans. They consistently score higher on SATs and other achievement tests. One-fourth of all Asian-Americans have graduate degrees. That's two and a half times the rate for Americans in general.
吉米在美同出生，他是许多亚裔美同人的范例。他们在大学入学考试和其他学业考试中的成绩一直比较高。每四名亚裔美国人就有一人拥有硕士学位，这个比例是一般美同人的两倍半。
Some scientific evidence suggests that, yes, Asians just might be smarter by nature genetically-higher scores on IQ tests, larger cranium sizes, faster reaction time. There's even a study of Asian children adopted and raised by white parents which shows that they, too, have higher IQ scores.
有些科学证据显示，的确，亚洲人可能天生比较聪明，他们的智商测验成绩比较高，脑容扯比较大，反应比较快。甚至有一项针对被白人收养的亚裔儿童进行的研究也显示出他们的智商成绩比较高。
But, at U.C. Davis, Dr. Stanley Sue disputes those studies.
但是加州州立大学戴维斯分校的史丹利·苏博士却对该项研究提出了质疑。
DR. STANLEY SUE, PSYCHOLOGIST, U. C. DAVIS: They bring up all of these statistics, which appears to be substantial, but, if you really investigate the implications, the methodology and the conclusions, I think the environmental explanation, nurture, really comes out on top.
加州大学戴维斯分校心理学家 史丹利·苏: 他们提出的一些数据似乎卡分有力，但是如果你仔细研究其中的含意、采用的方法以及结论，我想、真正得出来的结论还是环境论，也就是后天养成。
DR. SANJAY GUPTA，CNN SENIOR MEDICAL CORRESPONDENT : Sue explains, for many Asians, the cultural view of the ideal person is one who is well-educated, especially for immigrant parents wanting children to succeed.
CNN资深医疗特派员 桑杰·古普塔: 苏解释，对许多亚裔人而言，文化上即认为理想人物需受良好的教育。对那些期望子女功成名就的移民父母们尤其如此。
DR. STANLEY SUE, PSYCHOLOGIST, U. C. DAVIS : The Asians have found that education has really led to their success in becoming professionals.
加州大学戴维斯分校心理学家 史丹利·苏: 亚洲人发现唯有教育能让他们真的出人头地，跻身专业人士之列。
DR. SANJAY GUPTA，CNN SENIOR MEDCTAL CORRESPONDENT : So, they work longer and harder, and many Asian-Americans excel in their chosen fields.
CNN资深医疗特派员 桑杰·古普塔: 因此他们的工作时间比别人长，也更努力。有许多亚裔美国人在他们选择的领域中大放异彩。
JIMMY HOM, HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR: It was never, you know, a matter of telling us how lucky we are to be in the United States, rather than, you know, some other country. But I think, in time, me and my sister and my brother, we all realized that.
高三学生 何吉米: 并没有人来告诉我们，身在美国而非其他国家是多么幸运的一件事。但是久而久之，我和我的弟弟妹妹都认识到了这一点。
DR. SANJAY GUPTA, CNN SENIOR MEDTCAL CORRESPONDENT : Yes, Jimmy Hom has put a lot of pressure on himself to succeed. But he and his parents have made sure that he's well-prepared to handle it.
CNN资深医疗特派员 桑杰·古普塔: 是的，何吉米为了成功，给了自己很大的压力。但他和他的父母也确定，他已经准备好迈向成功了。
