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So what's happening?
这里发生了什么呢
Well, the flame heats up the elements giving them more thermal energy
火焰加热这些单质，让它们具有更多热能
This excites the electrons from their ground or lower energy state
这会将电子从较低能量的基态激发到
to an excited or higher energy state
较高能量的激发态
This is what that looks like
大致是这样
Since energy cannot be created or destroyed
由于能量无法创生或毁灭
and energy that was absorbed by the atom
原子所吸收的能量
must be emitted again as the electron returns to the ground state
必然会在电子返回基态时释放出来
This energy is emitted as light
这些能量会以光的形式释放
So why do different elements have different colored flames?
为什么不同单质燃烧产生了不同颜色的火焰呢
Because the difference in energy between the ground state and the excited state
这是因为基态和激发态之间的能差
is unique for each element
对于每种元素是不同的
And what does energy have to do with it?
能量同这有什么关系呢
Well, the human eye perceives photons or light particles
人眼会将不同能量的光子
of different energies as different colors
分辨为不同的颜色
So red light is a lower energy than yellow
红光比黄光能量要低
which is a lower energy than blue
黄光又比蓝光能量低
Think about it like a rainbow spectrum
可以用彩虹光谱来考虑
So energy increases along the spectrum
沿光谱往前，能量会递增
Red is low energy light
红光是低能量的光
and violet is high energy light
而紫光是高能量的光
Going back to our atoms' energy levels
回到这些原子的能级
if the difference between the ground state and the excited state is smaller
如果基态和激发态之间的能差较小
the light particle is of lower energy
光子的能量就会较低
and we see that as a redder light
这时看到的光会偏红
Conversely
相反
if the energy gap is larger
如果能差较大
the light particle is of higher energy
光子能量就会较高
and we see that as bluer light
我们看到的光就会偏蓝
And this is a simplified picture of what's happening
这只是一幅简图
Each element has a unique set of excited states which
每种元素都有独特的激发态
each leads to a different pattern of light
导致不同的光的样式
which we see as red, green, yellow, etc
导致我们这里看到了红色，绿色，黄色，等等
Hope you enjoyed the video and I'll see you next time
但愿大家喜欢这个视频，下次再见
