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Nationalistic arguments have started countless wars
在过去，民族主义思想已经引发了
in the past and they will continue to do so.
无数次战争，并且这种情况还会继续下去
They have also however, nationalism has also held
但是与此同时，民族主义也将各民族
nations together. I take great pride in being a member
团结在一起，我为自己是一名美国人
of the American nation even if I don't agree with
而感到骄傲，尽管我并不是对美国所做的
everything the American nation has done. I will say
一切都同意，必须指出的是
that the extreme form of nationalism is extremely bad.
极端民族主义具有极大的危害
Once a nation really believes it has the obligation to
一旦一个国家坚信它有
civilize the world, this is historically a sign that
责任去带领世界走向文明
the nation is going to fall on some very hard times.
那么它就注定要经历一段艰难的岁月
Not only is civilizing the world and expensive and
不仅是因为这一过程是昂贵而
bloody process there is no guarantee that the rest of
血腥的，更是因为你根本不知道
the world really wants to be civilized anyway.
世界上的其他国家是否想要通过这种
I am the Queen of England, I like to sing and dance
方式走向文明，我是英国女王
and if you do not like it I will
我喜欢唱歌跳舞
punch you in the pants, ok.
如果你不喜欢，我就要惩罚你
Segment 1E; conclusions. I am a child of the Cold War
片段1E 总结，我生长在冷战的环境之下
generation. I grew up on the side of the world
我生活在西方阵营中，人们告诉我
populated by the good guys who followed America's
美国及其同盟都是好人，会引领我们
quest for peace, prosperity and freedom. I was taught
走向和平，繁荣和自由，人们告诉我要
to fear and loathe the bad guys on the opposite side
仇恨和厌恶东方阵营
of the world who fought alongside the Soviet Union
苏联和它的同盟们要一起打败我们这些
to bankrupt and bring down free, peace loving people
热爱和平与自由的人们
like us and our friends. The gym of every school
我上过的每所学校的体育馆都同时
I ever attended as a kid was also designed as a fall
被用作临时避难所
out shelter. I was instructed in the proper technique
老师教我们，一旦疯狂的俄罗斯人在
for diving under my desk and covering my head just
威斯康辛州橡木城
in case those crazy Russians dropped an H-Bomb
卡罗顿小学扔下氢弹
on Carrolton Elementary School in
我们应该如何抱头钻到桌子下面
Oak Creek, Wisconsin. I was ready.
以便进行自救
As the 1970's rolled around I came to see the
随着70年代的到来，我逐渐发现
Cold War more as a struggle between governments
冷战更多的是政府间的争斗
than a struggle between good guys and bad guys.
而不是正义与邪恶之战
I heard some of the awful things that the Soviet Union
我听见了很多苏联和共产主义阵营
and the communist block was saying about us and
对美国的诋毁，我认为它们是假的
it wasn't true, and it wasn't fair. I discovered that
是不公平的，我发现，苏联政府就像
the Soviet government was just as awful as advertised,
宣传中的一样恶劣
possibly more so, but the more I read about the
甚至更甚，但是随着我越来越多地
people who lived on the other side of the world
了解到苏联阵营中
the people of the Soviet Union seemed
人们的生活，我越来越觉得
more and more to be people just like us doing
他们与我们一样，尽自己所能
the best that they could to make their own life
在困难的环境下使自己的
more pleasant and tolerable under some very
生活更好一些
difficult circumstances. As I learned more about
进入高中时代
American politics and America's role in world affairs,
随着我对美国政治和美国
this was as I was in high school; I became more
在国际事务中的地位有越来越深的了解
skeptical about American government. I graduated
我对美国政府越来越持怀疑态度
from high school in 1978 in what some have called
1978年我高中毕业
the age of malaise, malaise being a term for
那是一个不安的时代
just all around bad, unhappy, sad times.
"不安"可以用来描述所有不幸的时代
The Vietnam War, the Watergate scandal,
越南战争，水门事件
the hostage situation in Iran, the energy crisis
伊朗的人质事件，还有能源危机
in which gasoline actually hit the unheard of price
石油价格达到了前所未有的
of $1 a gallon. These events made it very hard
每加仑一美元，这些事件都使我很难相信
for me to assume automatically that the US government
美国政府的决定
was right in all cases, ethical in all cases,
永远都是正确的，是道德的
or even competent. By the time the Soviet Union
或者有效的 1989年，苏联开始解体
started falling apart, by the time that
柏林墙倒塌
the Berlin wall came down in 1989 I was a professor
那时我在大学教授古典语言
of classical languages. In fact I was in my
更准确点，那年是我执教生涯的第二年
second year of teaching Latin and ancient Greek
我在当时的西南密苏里州立大学
at what was then called South West
教授拉丁语和古希腊语
Missouri State University. My intellectual life
我的思想生活主要
was pretty much focused on my academic career.
集中在学术事业上。
