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Basic Necessities of Life-Tokyo Tops the Most Expensive City
百姓生活—东京获封全球最昂贵城市
Tokyo has replaced Moscow as the world’s most expensive city for expatriates, and Beijing has moved into the top 10，according to a global survey released Tuesday by consultants Mercer.
据美世咨询公司周二发布的一项全球调查结果，东京已经取代莫斯科成为全世界外籍人士生活消费水平最高的城市,北京也进入了前10名。
Asian and European cities again dominated the top ranks of the world’s costliest cities for foreigners, but currency swings including a stronger dollar have reshuffled the global rankings,the firms said.
美世咨询公司称,亚洲和欧洲城市再次成为世界上外国人生活花费最高的地方。但是由于货币汇率波动美元趋于强势，这一排名已被重新洗牌了。
The survey uses New York as the base city with an index of 100 points when comparing the cost of 200 items, including housing, transport, food, clothing, household goods and entertainment.
该调査将纽约作为基点城市，以100点作为指数,一共比较了200个项目，包括住房、交通、食物、服装、家居用品和娱乐活动。
Tokyo scores 143.7 points and is nearly three times as costly as the cheapest city，Johannesburg, which has an index score of 49.6.
在这一调查结果中,东京得分高达143.7点，相当于花费最低的城市约翰内斯堡的近3倍，约翰内斯堡仅为46.9点。
Tokyo is a major intenatioiial finance center, houses the headquarters of several of the world’s largest investment banks and insurance companies, and serves as a hub for Japan’s transportation, publishing, and broadcasting industries. During the centralized growth of Japan’s economy following World War II，many large firms moved their headquarters from cities such as Osaka (the historical commercial capital) to Tokyo, in an attempt to take advantage of better access to the government. This trend has begun to slow due to ongoing population growth in Tokyo and the high cost of living there.
东京是主要的国际金融中心之一,是世界上几个最大的投资银行和保险公司的总部所在地，也是日本交通、出版和广播业的中枢。二战后,在日本经济的集中发展期里，许多大公司把他们的总部从大阪(历史上的商业中心)等城市搬到东京，以便能更好地利用政府优势。由于目前东京的人口增长和高生活费,这一趋势已开始。
Big Mac Index shows that workers in Tokyo are earning the highest salary in the world.
巨无霸指数显示,东京职员的薪水是世界上最高的。
Tokyo was rated by the Economist Intelligence Unit as the most expensive (highest cost-of-living) city in the world for 14 years in a row ending in 2006. This analysis is for living a Western corporate executive lifestyle, with items like a detached house and several automobiles.
东京连续14年被经济学家情报组织评为世界上最昂贵的城市(生活费最高），这一纪录终止在 2006年。分析表明这是由于他们过的是西方公司管理式的生活,包括住独立洋房和拥有几部汽车。
Osaka was in second placemaking Japan the only country with two cities in the top 10~fol-,lowed by Moscow in third, Geneva at four and Hong Kong fifth.
大阪排名第二,这使日本成了唯一一个在前10名拥有两席的国家。紧随其后排在第三的是莫斯科，日内瓦和香港分列第四和第五位。
Cities in the United States, China and the Middle East surged from last year. New York juiB|)ed from 22nd to eight place, Beijing is now ninth, up from 20th, while Dubai has climbed 32 places to number 20.
美国、中国和中东城市的消费自去年起就开始攀升。纽约从第22名升到第8名,北京从第20名上升至第9名，迪拜排名上升了32位，现居第20名。
London dropped 13 places from last year to be the 16th most expensive city in the world, while Paris slipped one spot to 13th, according to Mercer's annual Cost of Living survey of 143 cities.
在美世咨询公司对143个城市的年度生活花费调査中显示,伦敦在最昂贵的城市里排名第16, 比去年下降了13个名次,而巴黎则下滑了一个名次,排在第13位。
“As a direct impact of the economic downturn over the last year we have observed significant fluctuations in most of the world’s currencies，which have had a profound impact on this year's ranking,said Nathalie Constantin-Metral, senior researcher at the consulting and investment services company.
咨询和投资服务公司的资深研究员纳萨莉.康斯坦丁-梅特拉尔说广由于受去年经济衰退的直接影响,我们可以觉察到世界上大多数货币都经历了大幅度的波动,这极大地影响了今年的排名。
“Many currencies, including the Euro and British pound, have weakened considerably against a strong US dollar, causing a number of European cities to plummet in the rankings."she said in a statement.
她在一份声明中说许多货币,包括欧元和英镑,相对强势的美元都呈明显疲势,这使得不少 欧洲城市的排名骤降。”
Due to the strengthening dollar, all US cities became more expensive. Los Angeles gained 32 places to 23rd and Washington is up 41 places to 66th.
由于美元的强劲势头,美国所有城市的消费都变得昂贵起来。洛杉矶上升了32个名次，居第23位，而华盛顿则上升了41个名次，排在第66位。
Most European cities became cheaper for expats, with Warsaw experiencing the most dramatic change, plummeting from 35th to 113th place.
欧洲大多数城市的消费对于外籍人士来说变得便宜了，其中以华沙的变动最为剧烈,从第35位直跌至第113位。
Chinese cities gained as the yuan strengthened somewhat against most other currencies, said Mercer. Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou moved up to 12th, 22nd and 23rd respectively.
美世咨询公司称，因为人民币相对大多其他货币处于强势，中国城市的名次也有所上升。上海、深圳和广州分别升至第12、22和23位。
